A nurse is assisting in the care of a client during surgery. Which of the following should the nurse identify as supporting a safe, therapeutic environment?

The grounding pad is positioned near the client's surgical site.

The client is positioned to minimize pressure on the skin.

The client is covered with a cooling blanket during surgery.

The client's surgical site is shaved with a razor.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The grounding pad is positioned near the client's surgical site: The grounding pad for electrosurgery should be placed on a large, well-vascularized muscle mass away from the surgical site to ensure proper dispersion of electrical current and prevent burns. Placing it near the site increases risk of injury.

B. The client is positioned to minimize pressure on the skin: Proper positioning during surgery helps prevent pressure ulcers and nerve injuries by reducing prolonged pressure on bony prominences and delicate tissues, supporting a safe and therapeutic environment.

C. The client is covered with a cooling blanket during surgery: Maintaining normothermia is critical; cooling blankets can cause hypothermia, which increases the risk of complications such as infection and coagulopathy. Warm blankets or forced-air warming devices are preferred.

D. The client's surgical site is shaved with a razor: Shaving with a razor can cause microabrasions that increase the risk of surgical site infections. Clipping hair with electric clippers is the recommended practice to reduce infection risk.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Removing blankets from the client helps reduce external heat sources and allows body heat to dissipate, which can aid in lowering the elevated temperature. This action supports the body’s natural cooling mechanisms and provides comfort during a febrile state.

B. Placing cold packs on the axillae can help lower body temperature by cooling major blood vessels near the skin’s surface. However, this method may cause discomfort or shivering, which can paradoxically increase metabolic heat production and is less preferred than removing excess coverings.

C. Using a fan to blow air across the client promotes evaporative cooling, but if the client is shivering or chills are present, this can increase discomfort and cause the body to generate more heat. Fans are best used when the client is comfortable and not experiencing chills.

D. Giving an alcohol sponge bath is generally discouraged because alcohol is rapidly absorbed through the skin and can cause toxicity. Additionally, it can cause vasodilation, which might lead to increased heat loss and potential hypothermia if not carefully monitored.

A. Amount of time washing hands B. Use of cutting board C. Defrosting of frozen foods D. Leftover storage time in refrigerator E. Refrigerator temperature F. Time leftovers sit unrefrigerated on countertop

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Amount of time washing hands: The client increased handwashing time to 15 seconds, which meets the CDC’s recommended minimum for effective hand hygiene when preparing food.

B. Use of cutting board: The client now uses separate cutting boards for raw meats and raw vegetables, which helps prevent cross-contamination and foodborne illness.

C. Defrosting of frozen foods: Defrosting foods in the refrigerator is a safe method that prevents bacterial growth, unlike leaving food on the countertop.

D. Leftover storage time in refrigerator: Storing leftovers in the refrigerator for a maximum of 2 days (or 7 days initially) demonstrates proper food handling to prevent spoilage and bacterial growth.This aligns with recommended guidelines.

E. Refrigerator temperature: Although the temperature has improved (now 5.6°C instead of 6.7°C), the ideal refrigerator temperature should be 4°C (40°F) or lower for optimal food safety.

F. Time leftovers sit unrefrigerated on countertop: Leaving leftovers at room temperature for 2 hours still meets the maximum allowable limit, but best practice is to refrigerate within 1 hour if the room temperature is high (above 90°F/32°C), which might not reflect consistent safe food handling in all conditions.

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A nurse is assisting in the care of a client during surgery. Which of the following should the nurse identify as supporting a safe, therapeutic environment?

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