A nurse is assisting in the care of a client.

Exhibits

Click to highlight the findings that increase the client's susceptibility to infection. To deselect a finding, click on the finding again.

Client has a BMI of 16

History of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Client is a nonsmoker

Hct 47%

Budesonide 6 mg PO

Client has a BMI of 16

History of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Client is a nonsmoker

Hct 47%

Budesonide 6 mg PO

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Client has a BMI of 16: A BMI of 16 is classified as underweight, which suggests malnutrition. Malnutrition can weaken the immune system, making the client more vulnerable to infections. A low BMI is often associated with insufficient nutritional reserves, which are essential for immune function and tissue repair.

History of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus, especially if poorly controlled, impairs immune response. High blood sugar levels can reduce the function of white blood cells, impair wound healing, and increase the risk of infections. Clients with diabetes are more prone to infections due to both metabolic and immune system alterations.

Budesonide 6 mg PO: Budesonide is a corticosteroid, which suppresses the immune system to reduce inflammation. Immunosuppression increases the risk of infections, as the body's ability to respond to pathogens is weakened. Long-term use of corticosteroids is particularly concerning in this regard.

Client is a nonsmoker: Smoking is a known risk factor for numerous infections, including respiratory infections. However, being a nonsmoker actually reduces the risk of infection. This finding does not increase susceptibility to infection.

Hct 47%: A hematocrit of 47% is within the normal range and does not suggest any immediate concerns regarding the immune system. Adequate hematocrit levels reflect healthy red blood cell counts, which are important for oxygen delivery but do not directly affect immune function.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, but it does not reduce birth defects.
B. Omega-3 fatty acids support fetal brain development.
C. Lutein supports eye health but is not related to birth defects.
D. Folic acid reduces the risk of neural tube defects and is recommended for women during pregnancy.

A. Mucous membranes pink, skin warm and dry. B. Coughing and clearing throat when eating. C. Voice hoarse after swallowing. D. Temperature 38 °C (100.4 °F) E. Bilateral breath sounds with wheezing heard in upper lobes. F. Oxygen saturation 88% on room air

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

Mucous membranes pink, skin warm and dry.
Coughing and clearing throat when eating.
Voice hoarse after swallowing.
Temperature 38 °C (100.4 °F)
Bilateral breath sounds with wheezing heard in upper lobes.
Oxygen saturation 88% on room air

Rationale

Coughing and clearing throat when eating: This indicates potential dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), which increases the risk of aspiration pneumonia—a serious complication post-stroke.

Voice hoarse after swallowing: Hoarseness or voice changes can also signal impaired swallowing or aspiration risk, necessitating evaluation by a speech therapist or further swallowing studies.

Temperature 38.5°C (101.3°F): An elevated temperature may suggest infection (e.g., aspiration pneumonia or another complication) and warrants further investigation, particularly in a post-stroke client.

Bilateral breath sounds with wheezing heard in upper lobes: Wheezing could indicate an airway obstruction, aspiration, or developing respiratory compromise, which is critical in this population.

Oxygen saturation 88% on room air: Hypoxemia is a critical finding requiring immediate intervention, such as supplemental oxygen and investigation into the underlying cause (e.g., aspiration, infection, or pulmonary embolism).

Mucous membranes pink, skin warm and dry: These findings are within normal limits and do not indicate a pressing issue.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

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