A nurse is assisting with a presentation about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia?

Mannitol

Spironolactone

Hydrochlorothiazide

Furosemide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Mannitol:
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by increasing the osmotic pressure in the glomerular filtrate, leading to increased urine output. It is not associated with causing hyperkalemia.

B) Spironolactone:
This is the correct choice. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone in the distal tubules of the kidneys, leading to decreased sodium reabsorption and increased potassium retention.

C) Hydrochlorothiazide:
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that promotes the excretion of sodium and water and can lead to potassium depletion (hypokalemia) rather than hyperkalemia.

D) Furosemide:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. It can lead to potassium depletion (hypokalemia) rather than hyperkalemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The ST segment is elevated above the isoelectric line: This is correct. ST-segment elevation is a key ECG finding in acute myocardial infarction. It indicates that a portion of the heart muscle is not receiving enough blood (ischemia), which can lead to tissue damage or death (infarction).

B. The PR intervals are 0.15 second: While the PR interval is an important part of the ECG, a PR interval of 0.15 second is within the normal range and does not indicate an acute myocardial infarction.

C. The QT interval is equal to the R to R interval: The QT interval represents the time from the start of the Q wave to the end of the T wave, encompassing ventricular depolarization and repolarization. While prolonged or shortened QT intervals can be associated with certain cardiac conditions, they are not specific indicators of an acute myocardial infarction.

D. The QRS intervals are 0.08 second: The QRS interval represents ventricular depolarization1. A QRS interval of 0.08 second is within the normal range and does not indicate an acute myocardial infarction.

A. Verify that the client's valuables have been secured. B. Discuss a discharge date with the client. C. Inform the client about the need for sequential compression devices D. Review the facility's visitation policy with the client and family.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Verify that the client's valuables have been secured:

While securing the client's valuables is important for their safety and security during hospitalization, it does not directly address the prevention of postoperative complications.
B. Discuss a discharge date with the client:

Discussing a discharge date is part of discharge planning but does not directly address the prevention of postoperative complications.
C. Inform the client about the need for sequential compression devices:

Sequential compression devices (SCDs) are mechanical devices that help prevent venous stasis and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by promoting circulation in the lower extremities. They are commonly used in surgical patients to reduce the risk of blood clots and related complications.
D. Review the facility's visitation policy with the client and family:

Reviewing the facility's visitation policy is important for ensuring that the client and family understand the rules and regulations regarding visitors. While visitor policies contribute to the overall well-being of the client during their hospital stay, they do not directly address the prevention of postoperative complications like the use of sequential compression devices does.

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A nurse is assisting with a presentation about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications can put clients at risk for hyperkalemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Explanation

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