A nurse is attending to a patient who is unable to move.
Which stage of pressure injuries is most likely indicated by the presence of non-blanchable erythema on the patient’s heels?
Stage I pressure injury.
Stage II pressure injury.
Stage III pressure injury.
Stage IV pressure injury.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Stage I pressure injury is characterized by non-blanchable erythema of intact skin. This means that the skin does not turn white when pressed and is a sign of damage to the underlying
tissues. This stage is often seen in areas of the body that are under constant pressure, such as the heels in a patient who is unable to move.
Choice B rationale
Stage II pressure injury involves partial-thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis. This stage is more severe than stage I and would present with an open wound, which is not described in the question.
Choice C rationale
Stage III pressure injury involves full-thickness loss of skin, in which fatty tissue is visible in the wound. This stage is more severe than both stages I and II and would present with a deeper wound, which is not described in the question.
Choice D rationale
Stage IV pressure injury involves full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage or bone. This is the most severe stage of pressure injury and would present with a very deep wound exposing underlying structures, which is not described in the question.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lubricating the suction catheter tip with sterile saline is not recommended because it can introduce bacteria into the tracheostomy tube and cause infection.
Choice B rationale
Hyperventilating the patient on 100% oxygen prior to suctioning is not necessary and can cause complications such as oxygen toxicity.
Choice C rationale
Performing chest physiotherapy prior to suctioning is not typically done during tracheostomy care. Chest physiotherapy is a separate procedure that involves physical techniques to remove mucus from the respiratory tract.
Choice D rationale
Suctioning two to three times with a 60-second pause between passes is the correct action. This helps to remove secretions effectively without causing hypoxia.
Correct Answer is ["1160"]
Explanation
Step 1: Convert All Fluid Intake to Milliliters (mL)
To accurately record the patient's fluid intake, first, convert each fluid measurement to milliliters:
- 1 cup of coffee = 240 mL
- 4 oz of orange juice = 118.3 mL
- 3 oz of water = 88.7 mL
- 1 cup of flavored gelatin = 236.6 mL
- 1 cup of tea = 240 mL
- 5 oz of broth = 147.9 mL
- 3 oz of water (another serving) = 88.7 mL
Step 2: Calculate Total Fluid Intake
Add all the converted fluid amounts together:
- Total fluid intake = 240 mL (coffee) + 118.3 mL (orange juice) + 88.7 mL (water) + 236.6 mL (gelatin) + 240 mL (tea) + 147.9 mL (broth) + 88.7 mL (water) = 1,160.2 mL
Step 3: Round to the Nearest Whole Number
Round the total to the nearest whole number:
- Rounded total = 1,160 mL
The nurse should record 1,160 mL on the patient’s chart.
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