A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has congestive heart failure. When the client exhales, the nurse hears bubbling, popping like sounds. The nurse should document this as which of the following adventitious breath sounds?

Wheezes

Stridor

Rhonchi

Crackles

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Wheezes:

Wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds that occur during inspiration or expiration and are often associated with narrowed airways, such as in conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

B. Stridor:

Stridor is a high-pitched, crowing sound that is typically heard during inspiration and can be associated with upper airway obstruction, such as in croup or epiglottitis.

C. Rhonchi:

Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring or rattling sounds that can occur during inspiration or expiration. They are often associated with the presence of mucus or other airway obstruction and can be heard in conditions like bronchitis or pneumonia.

D. Crackles:

Crackles are bubbling, popping sounds heard during inspiration or expiration. They can be further classified as fine or coarse. Fine crackles are often associated with conditions like pulmonary fibrosis, while coarse crackles can be heard in conditions like congestive heart failure or pneumonia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Validate the finding:

Validating the finding involves rechecking the patient's temperature using a different thermometer or method to confirm the accuracy of the initial measurement. This step is crucial to rule out any potential errors or issues with the measurement.

B. Document the finding:

Once the finding has been validated and confirmed, the nurse should document the elevated temperature accurately in the patient's medical record. Documentation is essential for communication among the healthcare team and for tracking changes in the patient's condition over time.

C. Inform the surgeon:

If the elevated temperature is confirmed and the patient is scheduled for surgery, it is important to inform the surgeon promptly. The surgeon needs to be aware of any changes in the patient's health status that may impact the decision to proceed with the scheduled surgery.

D. Inform the charge nurse:

Informing the charge nurse may be appropriate, especially if there are specific protocols or procedures in place within the healthcare facility for addressing unexpected changes in a patient's condition. The charge nurse can provide guidance and coordinate appropriate actions.

A. Carotid B. Brachial C. Popliteal D. Femoral

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Carotid

The nurse should avoid assessing the carotid pulses bilaterally at the same time. The carotid arteries are major blood vessels supplying the head and neck with oxygenated blood. Simultaneously assessing both carotid pulses could potentially compromise blood flow to the brain, leading to a decrease in cerebral perfusion. This is particularly important in individuals with a history of cerebrovascular disease or other conditions affecting blood flow to the brain.

B. Brachial:

Assessing the brachial pulses bilaterally at the same time is generally acceptable. The brachial pulses are located in the upper arms.

C. Popliteal:

Assessing the popliteal pulses bilaterally at the same time is generally acceptable. The popliteal pulses are located behind the knee.

D. Femoral:

Assessing the femoral pulses bilaterally at the same time is generally acceptable. The femoral pulses are located in the groin area.

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A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has congestive heart failure. When the client exhales, the nurse hears bubbling, popping like sounds. The nurse should document this as which of the following adventitious breath sounds?

Nursing Test Bank

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