A nurse is caring for a child who has a nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min.

Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back.

Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 min and then re-check for bleeding.

Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min. Tilting the head forward helps prevent blood from flowing down the throat and causing nausea or choking. Applying pressure to the nose for 10 minutes helps to stop the bleeding.
B. Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back. Tilted head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially cause aspiration or choking. It's not recommended in managing nosebleeds.
C. Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 min and then re-check for bleeding. While cold compresses can help constrict blood vessels, direct pressure and maintaining a forward head position are more effective for stopping nosebleeds.
D. Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head. Supine position can cause blood to flow down the throat and is not recommended in managing nosebleeds due to the risk of aspiration.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Initiate isotonic fluids with 20 mEq/L potassium chloride. The priority in treating acute gastroenteritis in a toddler is to manage dehydration, which is often severe due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Isotonic fluids with electrolytes like potassium chloride help to restore fluid balance and prevent complications like electrolyte imbalances. This is the most urgent action to stabilize the child's condition.
B. Request evaluation of the toddler's serum electrolytes. While important, this can be done after fluid resuscitation has begun to assess the severity of electrolyte imbalances.
C. Determine if the toddler is voiding. Important for assessing renal function, but not the first priority in acute gastroenteritis.
D. Collect a stool sample from the toddler. Useful for identifying the causative organism but not as urgent as fluid resuscitation.

A. Test the stool for occult blood B. Perform a tape test C. Initiate IV fluids D. Collect stool specimen for culture

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Test the stool for occult blood: Testing for occult blood in the stool is not relevant for diagnosing pinworms.
B. Perform a tape test: The tape test involves applying transparent tape to the perianal area to collect pinworm eggs, which is the appropriate diagnostic method for Enterobius vermicularis.
C. Initiate IV fluids: IV fluids are not indicated for the diagnosis or treatment of pinworms unless the child is severely dehydrated, which isn't suggested by the scenario.
D. Collect stool specimens for culture: Stool culture is not used to diagnose pinworms; the tape test is more appropriate.

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A nurse is caring for a child who has a nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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