A nurse is caring for a child who has nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back.

Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 min and then re-check for bleeding.

Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min.

Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back: Tilting the head back risks blood aspiration or swallowing, which can cause nausea or vomiting.

B. Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 minutes and then re-check for bleeding: Ice may help, but direct pressure is the first-line intervention.

C. Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min: This is the appropriate action to stop bleeding and prevent blood from entering the airway or stomach.

D. Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head: This position is unsafe as it can lead to blood pooling in the back of the throat.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Transcranial doppler: This test is used to assess blood flow in the brain and is often used for children with sickle cell disease to evaluate the risk of stroke. It is not used to distinguish between sickle cell disease and trait.

B. Sickle solubility test: This test is used to identify sickling in red blood cells, which can indicate sickle cell disease, but it does not differentiate between sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait.

C. Complete blood count (CBC): While a CBC can provide information about anemia and red blood cell characteristics, it cannot differentiate between sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait.

D. Hemoglobin electrophoresis: This test is the gold standard for diagnosing sickle cell disease and trait. It separates different types of hemoglobin based on their electrical charge, allowing for the identification of hemoglobin S (sickle hemoglobin), which distinguishes between sickle cell disease (homozygous) and sickle cell trait (heterozygous).

A. Inhaled steroid B. Oral leukotriene modifiers C. Inhaled beta agonist D. Oral steroids

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Inhaled steroid: Inhaled corticosteroids are used for long-term control of asthma and are not typically used during an acute asthma attack. They work by reducing inflammation, but they do not provide immediate relief of bronchoconstriction.

B. Oral leukotriene modifiers: Leukotriene modifiers are used for long-term asthma management, but they are not effective in providing quick relief during an acute asthma attack.

C. Inhaled beta agonist: Beta agonists (e.g., albuterol) are the first-line treatment for quick relief during an asthma attack. They work by relaxing the muscles around the airways to improve airflow and relieve symptoms like chest tightness and coughing.

D. Oral steroids: Oral steroids (e.g., prednisone) are used for severe asthma exacerbations, but they are not used as the first-line treatment for quick relief of symptoms like tight chest and cough. They take time to reduce inflammation.

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A nurse is caring for a child who has nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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