A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the urology unit with complaints of shortness of breath and a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following pathophysiological changes in the renal system led to the admitting diagnosis of chronic kidney disease?

Chronic nephropathies that lead to fibrosis and destruction of normal kidney structure and function

Obstruction leading to the filtration system backing up and eventually shutting the kidneys down

Reduction of blood flow to the kidneys

Acute tubular necrosis caused by the damage to the cells of the renal tubules leading to cell death and a decreased glomerular filtration rate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is D

No explanation

A. A client who is taking gentamicin for infection B. A client who has heart failure C. A client who is 1 day postoperative following a colon resection D. A client who has pneumonia

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A.Gentamicin is known to be nephrotoxic and can potentially cause kidney damage, especially if not properly monitored for dosage and duration of use. Therefore, this client is at increased risk for AKI due to the medication.

B.Heart failure, particularly when it is acute or decompensated, can reduce renal perfusion, leading to prerenal acute kidney injury. In heart failure, the reduced cardiac output leads to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, which can impair kidney function and result in AKI.

C.Postoperative clients may have hypovolemia, hypotension, or sepsis, all of which are common triggers of AKI. Surgery-related stress and anesthesia may also decrease renal perfusion.

D.Pneumonia itself does not directly cause acute kidney injury. In the absence of complications like sepsis or dehydration, pneumonia alone is not a significant direct risk for AKI.

E. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause lupus nephritis, an intrarenal cause of AKI. An exacerbation increases this risk due to inflammation or immune complex deposition in the kidneys.

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A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the urology unit with complaints of shortness of breath and a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following pathophysiological changes in the renal system led to the admitting diagnosis of chronic kidney disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a 20-year-old college student who has a 2-year history of bulimia nervosa. She tells the nurse, "I know my eating binges and vomiting are not normal, but I cannot do anything about them." Which of the following is a therapeutic response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical unit. Which of the following clients is the most at risk for an acute kidney injury? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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