A nurse is caring for a client brought to the emergency room. The client’s caregiver reports the client had a sudden onset of confusion. Which intervening technique by the nurse is most appropriate to evaluate mentation for this client?

Ask close-ended questions.

Ask open-ended questions.

Use directive questions.

Use reflective questions.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Ask close-ended questions is incorrect. Close-ended questions typically elicit short, specific responses such as “yes” or “no.” While they can be useful in certain situations, they do not provide enough information to thoroughly assess a client’s mental status. Open-ended questions allow the client to express themselves more fully, providing the nurse with better insight into their cognitive function.

Choice B Reason:

Ask open-ended questions is correct. Open-ended questions encourage the client to elaborate on their thoughts and feelings, which can reveal more about their mental status. This type of questioning helps the nurse assess the client’s orientation, memory, and thought processes more effectively.

Choice C Reason:

Use directive questions is incorrect. Directive questions are more structured and guide the client towards specific answers. While they can be useful for obtaining specific information, they do not allow for a comprehensive assessment of the client’s mental status.

Choice D Reason:

Use reflective questions is incorrect. Reflective questions are used to encourage the client to think more deeply about their responses and feelings. While they can be helpful in therapeutic settings, they are not the most effective for an initial assessment of mental status.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Loperamide should not be used if diarrhea is infectious is correct. Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication that works by slowing down gut movement. However, if the diarrhea is caused by an infection, such as from spoiled food, it is important to allow the body to expel the infectious agents. Using loperamide in such cases can prolong the infection and potentially worsen the condition.

Choice B Reason:

You can take loperamide until the diarrhea stops is incorrect. While loperamide can be effective for non-infectious diarrhea, it is not recommended for infectious diarrhea. Stopping the diarrhea prematurely can trap the infectious agents in the intestines, leading to more severe symptoms.

Choice C Reason:

Loperamide has no side effects is incorrect. Loperamide can have side effects, including constipation, dizziness, and abdominal pain. It is important to use this medication under the guidance of a healthcare provider, especially in cases of infectious diarrhea.

Choice D Reason:

Loperamide should not stop this type of diarrhea is incorrect. While it is true that loperamide should not be used for infectious diarrhea, the statement is misleading. Loperamide can stop diarrhea, but it is not appropriate for all types of diarrhea, particularly those caused by infections.

A. Hyperkalosis B. Hyponatremia C. Acidosis D. Alkalosis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Hyperkalosis is incorrect. Hyperkalosis refers to an elevated level of potassium in the blood, which is not directly related to the pH level. While hyperkalemia can occur in acidosis, it is not the primary condition indicated by a low pH

Choice B Reason:

Hyponatremia is incorrect. Hyponatremia refers to low sodium levels in the blood. It does not directly affect the pH level and is not indicated by the pH value provided.

Choice C Reason:

Acidosis is correct. The normal pH range for arterial blood is 7.35 to 7.45. A pH of 7.10 is below this range, indicating that the blood is too acidic. This condition is known as acidosis.

Choice D Reason:

Alkalosis is incorrect. Alkalosis refers to a condition where the blood pH is higher than the normal range, indicating that the blood is too basic. A pH of 7.10 is too low, not too high, and therefore indicates acidosis.

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A nurse is caring for a client brought to the emergency room. The client’s caregiver reports the client had a sudden onset of confusion. Which intervening technique by the nurse is most appropriate to evaluate mentation for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with numerous episodes of watery diarrhea. The client reports eating some spoiled deli meat earlier in the day. The client asks if they should take loperamide (Imodium) to stop the diarrhea. What would be an appropriate response from the nurse?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had an arterial blood gas drawn. The pH on the ABG is 7.10. What acid-base imbalance does this client have?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Edited TextA nurse is auditing a client. During the assessment, the nurse notes the client has multiple cavities, chipped, and missing teeth. The client reports having difficulty eating. Which diet should the nurse recommend the primary health care provider to order for this client?