A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of AML?

"AML is characterized by the overproduction of immature lymphocytes, leading to bone marrow failure."

"In AML, abnormal proliferation of red blood cells causes decreased oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood."

"Genetic mutations in the myeloid stem cells lead to uncontrolled growth of abnormal myeloid cells in AML."

"AML is caused by the abnormal growth of plasma cells, leading to the production of abnormal antibodies."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because AML is not characterized by the overproduction of immature lymphocytes. It involves the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal myeloid cells in the bone marrow.

B) This choice is incorrect because AML does not cause abnormal proliferation of red blood cells. Anemia may occur as a result of AML due to the displacement of normal blood-forming cells in the bone marrow.

C) This choice is correct. AML is a type of leukemia that arises from genetic mutations in the myeloid stem cells. These mutations lead to uncontrolled growth and accumulation of abnormal myeloid cells, including granulocytes, monocytes, and platelets.

D) This choice is incorrect because the abnormal growth of plasma cells leading to the production of abnormal antibodies is characteristic of multiple myeloma, not AML.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because gentle stretching exercises are generally safe and do not significantly increase the risk of bleeding in clients with low platelet counts.

B) This choice is incorrect because deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis, such as leg exercises and anti-embolism stockings, is essential to prevent blood clots but is not directly related to bleeding risk.

C) This choice is incorrect because using a soft-bristled toothbrush helps prevent gum bleeding and trauma to the oral mucosa but does not address the risk of bleeding from other areas.

D) This choice is correct. Vigorous nose blowing can lead to trauma to the nasal mucosa and increase the risk of bleeding, especially in clients with low platelet counts who are prone to bleeding episodes.

A. "The primary treatment for CML is stem cell transplantation." B. "Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are the main treatments for CML." C. "Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the standard treatment for CML." D. "CML is typically managed with watchful waiting and supportive care."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because stem cell transplantation is not the primary treatment for all cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It may be considered in certain cases, but targeted therapy is the standard first-line treatment for most patients with CML.

B) This choice is incorrect because while chemotherapy and radiation therapy are used in some leukemia treatments, they are not the main treatments for CML. Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the standard approach for CML management.

C) This choice is correct. The mainstay of treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). TKIs are oral medications that specifically target the abnormal protein produced by the BCR-ABL gene, which drives the overproduction of white blood cells in CML. These medications are highly effective and have revolutionized the treatment of CML, leading to improved outcomes for many patients.

D) This choice is incorrect because watchful waiting and supportive care may be considered for certain low-risk or asymptomatic cases of CML, but it is not the primary treatment approach. Targeted therapy with TKIs is the standard treatment for most patients with CML.

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A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of AML?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with leukemia is at risk of bleeding due to low platelet count. Which activity should the nurse instruct the client to avoid to prevent bleeding episodes?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The client asks about the main treatment approach for CML. How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with leukemia is receiving radiation therapy. The nurse should assess the client regularly for which potential side effect of this treatment?

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of clients diagnosed with leukemia on a cancer unit. Which client's medical history should the nurse recognize as a possible risk factor for developing leukemia?

A nurse is conducting a health history assessment for a client newly diagnosed with leukemia. Which risk factor should the nurse prioritize when asking about the client's medical history?

A nurse is preparing a client for a bone marrow biopsy. What is the primary reason for performing a bone marrow biopsy in the diagnostic evaluation of leukemia?

A nurse is explaining the purpose of a computed tomography (CT) scan to a client with suspected leukemia. What is the primary goal of a CT scan in the diagnostic evaluation of leukemia?

A client diagnosed with leukemia is experiencing frequent infections and recurrent fevers. Which type of blood cells is likely affected by the leukemia, contributing to these symptoms?

A client with leukemia is experiencing anemia due to decreased red blood cell production. What treatment approach may the healthcare provider recommend to address anemia?

A nurse is providing care for a client undergoing treatment for leukemia. The client develops neutropenia. What is the nurse's priority intervention?