A nurse is caring for a client who becomes extremely agitated. The nurse should document which of the following de-escalation techniques?

Choice A Reason:
"Bulimia nervosa is difficult to notice because a person might be of average or ideal body weight."

This statement is accurate. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, or the use of laxatives. Unlike anorexia nervosa, individuals with bulimia nervosa often maintain a normal weight or may even be overweight, making it harder to detect based on appearance alone¹. This can lead to the disorder being overlooked or misdiagnosed, which is why it is important to understand the behavioral and psychological signs of bulimia nervosa.

Choice B Reason:
"As long as a person is not vomiting after eating, they do not have bulimia nervosa."

This statement is incorrect. While self-induced vomiting is a common compensatory behavior in bulimia nervosa, it is not the only one. Individuals with bulimia may also use other methods such as excessive exercise, fasting, or misuse of laxatives and diuretics to prevent weight gain after binge eating. Therefore, the absence of vomiting does not rule out the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa.

Choice C Reason:
"People who have bulimia nervosa eat an average amount of food on a daily basis."

This statement is misleading. People with bulimia nervosa typically engage in episodes of binge eating, where they consume large quantities of food in a short period, often feeling a lack of control during these episodes. These binge episodes are usually followed by compensatory behaviors to avoid weight gain. Therefore, their eating patterns are not considered average or normal.

Choice D Reason:
"People who have bulimia nervosa are at risk for developing diabetes mellitus."

While individuals with bulimia nervosa are at risk for various health complications, including electrolyte imbalances, gastrointestinal issues, and dental problems, there is no direct evidence linking bulimia nervosa to an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The primary health risks associated with bulimia nervosa are related to the physical and psychological effects of binge eating and purging behaviors.

Choice A reason:
Haloperidol is not commonly associated with causing ringing in the ears (tinnitus). While tinnitus can be a side effect of some medications, it is not typically linked to haloperidol.

Choice B reason:
Urinary incontinence is not a common side effect of haloperidol. This medication is more likely to cause urinary retention rather than incontinence.

Choice C reason:
Experiencing a metallic taste is not a known side effect of haloperidol. This side effect is more commonly associated with other medications, such as certain antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs.

Choice D reason:
Increased sensitivity to the sun (photosensitivity) is a known side effect of haloperidol. Clients taking this medication should be advised to use sun protection and avoid prolonged sun exposure.