A nurse is caring for a client who has an admited diagnosis of renal calculi and a medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days a week outside in temperatures between 32.2°C to 37.8°C (90°F to 100°F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a recurrence of renal calculi?

Eat a diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods.

Continue to take your prescribed gout medication.

Drink plenty of fluids during the day.

Eat a diet high in purine-rich foods.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: A diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods should be avoided as it can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones.

Choice B reason: Continuing prescribed gout medication is important, but it does not directly prevent the formation of renal calculi unless the medication is specifically for reducing uric acid levels.

Choice C reason: Drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, is one of the most effective ways to prevent the recurrence of renal calculi by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming minerals.

Choice D reason: A diet high in purine-rich foods can increase the risk of uric acid stones and should be avoided, especially in patients with gout and a history of renal calculi.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: A distended bladder can cause low back pain due to the pressure and stretching of the bladder wall, which is often related to a urinary disorder such as urinary retention or obstruction.

Choice B reason: A stress fracture is less likely to be the cause of low back pain associated with an inability to void and a distended bladder.

Choice C reason: Nerve root pain typically presents with radiating pain down the leg rather than low back pain associated with urinary symptoms.

Choice D reason: Renal cancer could potentially cause low back pain, but it would not typically cause an inability to void or a distended bladder without other significant symptoms.

A. Carvedilol B. Atorvastatin C. Nitroglycerin D. Metformin

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Carvedilol does not typically interact with contrast material to increase the risk of acute kidney injury.

Choice B reason: Atorvastatin does not typically interact with contrast material to increase the risk of acute kidney injury.

Choice C reason: Nitroglycerin does not typically interact with contrast material to increase the risk of acute kidney injury.

Choice D reason: Metformin can interact with contrast material and increase the risk of acute kidney injury, especially

in clients with pre-existing kidney problems.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who has low back pain reports that they are unable to void. The nurse notices a distended bladder on assessment. Which of the following is the likely cause of this client's low back pain?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department with a diagnosis of renal calculi. Which of the following areas of the renal system do most renal calculi begin forming?

A nurse is caring for a client admited with renal calculus. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse associate with renal calculi? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is monitoring a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?

A nurse is preparing to administer amantadine 150 mg PO every 12 hours. Available is amantadine 50 mg/5 mL syrup. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who collapsed after playing football on a hot day. After reviewing the admission laboratory findings, the nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following conditions?

A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of acute kidney injury?