A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The client is admited to the hospital for renal calculi and reports that their abdomen has been getting bigger. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation for the increase in abdominal girth?
"The kidney infection has caused narrowing of the ureters, and your abdomen has filled with fluid."
"The kidneys continue to enlarge due to the cysts growing, which increases the girth of your abdomen."
"The stones might descend into the ureters, blocking the flow of urine and causing an increase in the girth of your abdomen."
"The in?ammation in your kidneys damages the filtration system, which causes fluid retention in your abdomen."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: While kidney infections can cause swelling, they typically do not lead to a significant increase in abdominal girth unless associated with severe obstruction or advanced kidney disease.
Choice B reason: In PKD, the kidneys can become significantly enlarged due to the growth of numerous cysts, which
can indeed lead to an increase in abdominal girth.
Choice C reason: While stones can cause blockage and swelling, they would not typically result in a generalized increase in abdominal girth unless there is an associated infection or severe obstruction.
Choice D reason: Inflammation can lead to fluid retention, but in the context of PKD, it is the cysts' growth that primarily contributes to increased kidney size and abdominal girth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: A strong odor in the first-voided urine can be normal, especially if it's concentrated after a night's sleep.
Choice B reason: An output of 175 mL in 8 hours is concerning, as it indicates oliguria, which is a urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours, and can be a sign of worsening renal function.
Choice C reason: An output of 2,200 mL in 24 hours is within normal urine output ranges, which is typically 800 to 2,000 mL per day for an average adult.
Choice D reason: Urine becoming cloudy after sitting for a period is common due to precipitation of salts and proteins at lower temperatures.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C: "You will need to avoid rigorous exercise during the test."
Rationale:
- Choice A: The collection time for a 24-hour urine creatinine clearance test typically starts at a specific time, not necessarily with the first urine of the day.
- Choice B: A creatinine clearance test requires a 24-hour urine collection, not just 12 hours.
- Choice C: Avoiding rigorous exercise is important during the test as it can affect creatinine levels and impact the accuracy of the results.
- Choice D: Storing the urine container in a dark location is not necessary for a creatinine clearance test.
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