A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following diets should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
4g sodium diet
Potassium-restricted diet
High-phosphorus diet
High-protein diet
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason
4g sodium diet. While reducing sodium intake is important for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD), a specific 4g sodium diet is not typically prescribed. Instead, patients are generally advised to limit sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams per day to help control blood pressure and reduce fluid retention.
Choice B Reason
Potassium-restricted diet. This is the correct intervention. Patients with CKD often have difficulty excreting potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous. Therefore, a potassium-restricted diet is commonly recommended to maintain normal serum potassium levels.
Choice C Reason
High-phosphorus diet. This statement is incorrect. Patients with CKD are usually advised to limit phosphorus intake because their kidneys cannot effectively excrete phosphorus, leading to hyperphosphatemia. High phosphorus levels can cause bone and cardiovascular problems.
Choice D Reason
High-protein diet. This statement is incorrect. While protein is essential, excessive protein intake can increase the workload on the kidneys. Patients with CKD are often advised to follow a moderate protein diet to reduce the production of waste products that the kidneys need to filter.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason
4g sodium diet. While reducing sodium intake is important for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD), a specific 4g sodium diet is not typically prescribed. Instead, patients are generally advised to limit sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams per day to help control blood pressure and reduce fluid retention.
Choice B Reason
Potassium-restricted diet. This is the correct intervention. Patients with CKD often have difficulty excreting potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous. Therefore, a potassium-restricted diet is commonly recommended to maintain normal serum potassium levels.
Choice C Reason
High-phosphorus diet. This statement is incorrect. Patients with CKD are usually advised to limit phosphorus intake because their kidneys cannot effectively excrete phosphorus, leading to hyperphosphatemia. High phosphorus levels can cause bone and cardiovascular problems.
Choice D Reason
High-protein diet. This statement is incorrect. While protein is essential, excessive protein intake can increase the workload on the kidneys. Patients with CKD are often advised to follow a moderate protein diet to reduce the production of waste products that the kidneys need to filter.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason
“It is okay to not want to touch the burned areas of your body.” This statement is empathetic and acknowledges the client’s feelings, but it does not provide a constructive way to address their concerns about altered appearance. While it is important to validate the client’s feelings, offering a solution or support mechanism is more beneficial.
Choice B Reason
“Cosmetic surgery should be performed within the next year to be effective.” This statement is misleading. While timely intervention can be important, the timing of reconstructive or cosmetic surgery depends on various factors, including the extent of the burns, the healing process, and the patient’s overall health. It is not accurate to generalize that surgery must be performed within a year.
Choice C Reason
“Reconstructive surgery can completely restore your previous appearance.” This statement is incorrect and can give false hope. Reconstructive surgery aims to improve function and appearance, but it cannot completely restore the previous appearance. Managing expectations is crucial in the recovery process.
Choice D Reason
“It could be helpful for you to attend a support group for people who have burn injuries.” This statement is correct. Support groups provide emotional and psychological support, helping burn survivors cope with changes in appearance and other challenges. They offer a sense of community and shared experiences, which can be very beneficial for recovery.
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