A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following diets should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
4g sodium diet
Potassium-restricted diet
High-phosphorus diet
High-protein diet
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason
4g sodium diet. While reducing sodium intake is important for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD), a specific 4g sodium diet is not typically prescribed. Instead, patients are generally advised to limit sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams per day to help control blood pressure and reduce fluid retention.
Choice B Reason
Potassium-restricted diet. This is the correct intervention. Patients with CKD often have difficulty excreting potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous. Therefore, a potassium-restricted diet is commonly recommended to maintain normal serum potassium levels.
Choice C Reason
High-phosphorus diet. This statement is incorrect. Patients with CKD are usually advised to limit phosphorus intake because their kidneys cannot effectively excrete phosphorus, leading to hyperphosphatemia. High phosphorus levels can cause bone and cardiovascular problems.
Choice D Reason
High-protein diet. This statement is incorrect. While protein is essential, excessive protein intake can increase the workload on the kidneys. Patients with CKD are often advised to follow a moderate protein diet to reduce the production of waste products that the kidneys need to filter.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason
Place several pillows behind the client’s head. This intervention is incorrect. Placing several pillows behind the client’s head can lead to neck flexion, which can increase intracranial pressure by obstructing venous outflow from the brain.
Choice B Reason
Place the client in a lateral semi-prone recumbent position. This position is not ideal for managing increased intracranial pressure. The optimal position is to keep the head of the bed elevated at 30 degrees with the neck in a neutral position to promote venous drainage and reduce ICP.
Choice C Reason
Keep the client’s neck in a midline position. This is the correct intervention. Keeping the neck in a midline position helps to ensure proper venous drainage from the brain, thereby reducing intracranial pressure. It is a standard practice in managing patients with elevated ICP.
Choice D Reason
Maintain flexion of the client’s hips at a 90-degree angle. This intervention is incorrect. Flexion of the hips can increase intra-abdominal pressure, which in turn can increase intracranial pressure. It is important to avoid hip flexion in patients with elevated ICP.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Expressive aphasia, also known as Broca’s aphasia, is a common symptom of a left-hemisphere stroke. This condition affects the person’s ability to produce speech, although their comprehension may remain intact. The left hemisphere of the brain is typically responsible for language and speech functions, so damage to this area often results in expressive aphasia.
Choice B Reason:
Poor impulse control is more commonly associated with right-hemisphere strokes. The right hemisphere is involved in controlling behavior and emotions, so damage to this area can lead to impulsivity and poor judgment.
Choice C Reason:
Left hemiparesis, or weakness on the left side of the body, is typically a result of a right-hemisphere stroke. Strokes affect the opposite side of the body from the hemisphere where the stroke occurred. Therefore, a left-hemisphere stroke would more likely cause right-sided weakness or paralysis.
Choice D Reason:
Disorientation to place can occur with strokes affecting either hemisphere, but it is not a specific hallmark of left-hemisphere strokes. Cognitive impairments such as disorientation are more generalized and can result from various types of brain injuries.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today