A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple long bone fractures caused by a motor-vehicle crash that happened 24 hr ago. The client tells the nurse he is short of breath and experiencing chest pain. The nurse should assess the client further for which of the following potential complications?
Hypovolemic shock
Fat embolism syndrome
Venous thromboembolism
Compartment syndrome
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypovolemic shock is characterized by a significant loss of blood volume. While it can occur due to severe trauma, the symptoms of shortness of breath and chest pain are more indicative of a potential respiratory issue, making Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES) a higher concern in this case.
B. Correct. Given the client's recent multiple long bone fractures and the symptoms of shortness of breath and chest pain, the nurse should be concerned about the possibility of fat embolism syndrome (FES). FES can occur as a result of long bone fractures, particularly those involving the femur, pelvis, or tibia. Fat emboli can enter the bloodstream and potentially obstruct blood vessels, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and altered mental status.
C. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition involving the formation of blood clots in the veins, which can lead to complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). While this is a consideration for clients with immobilization due to fractures, it is not the primary concern in this case based on the presenting symptoms.
D. Compartment syndrome is a condition characterized by increased pressure within a muscle compartment, leading to decreased blood flow and potential tissue damage. While it can occur after fractures, it typically presents with symptoms like severe pain, swelling, and tense muscles, rather than shortness of breath and chest pain.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. 1 plain baked potato is not a significant source of calcium.
B. 1 cup carrot strips do not provide a substantial amount of calcium.
C. ½ cup chopped chicken breast is a source of protein but is not high in calcium.
D. 3 oz canned salmon is one of the highest dietary sources of calcium. It is especially beneficial for individuals with osteoporosis because it contains not only calcium but also vitamin D, which helps with calcium absorption.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increasing the client's protein intake is important for overall healing, but it is not the top priority in the acute phase of osteomyelitis. The immediate priority is to administer antibiotics to address the infection.
B. This is the correct answer. Administering antibiotics is the top priority in the treatment of acute osteomyelitis. Timely administration of appropriate antibiotics is crucial in eradicating the infection and preventing further complications.
C. Providing the client with antipyretic therapy (to reduce fever) is important, but it is secondary to administering antibiotics. The underlying infection must be addressed first and foremost.
D. Teaching relaxation breathing to reduce pain may be beneficial for the client's comfort, but it is not the priority intervention. Controlling the infection with antibiotics takes precedence.
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