A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of this condition?

"MS is caused by an autoimmune attack on my nerve cells."

"MS is caused by a degeneration of my nerve fibers."

"MS is caused by an inflammation of my nerve coverings."

"MS is caused by a compression of my nerve roots."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by an autoimmune attack on nerve cells, but rather on nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by a degeneration of nerve fibers, but rather by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer, as MS is caused by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths, which impair transmission of nerve impulses.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by a compression of nerve roots, but rather by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer, as the medication increases dopamine levels in the brain, which helps to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as the medication does not decrease acetylcholine levels in the brain, but rather increases dopamine levels. Acetylcholine is another neurotransmitter that controls muscle contraction, learning, and memory.

Choice C reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as the medication does not increase serotonin levels in the brain, but rather increases dopamine levels. Serotonin is another neurotransmitter that controls mood, sleep, and appetite.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as the medication does not decrease glutamate levels in the brain, but rather increases dopamine levels. Glutamate is another neurotransmitter that controls excitatory signals in the brain.

A. "The steroid will reduce the inflammation and swelling of the nerve root, which will decrease your pain and improve your function." B. "The local anesthetic will block the transmission of pain signals from the nerve root to your brain, which will provide you with temporary relief." C. "The combination of steroid and local anesthetic will shrink the size of the disc or bone spur that is compressing the nerve root, which will restore your mobility and sensation." D. "The injection will deliver medication directly to the affected area of your spine, which will have fewer side effects than oral or intravenous medications."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is the correct answer because epidural steroid injections are used to treat radiculopathy by reducing inflammation and edema of the nerve root, which can relieve radicular pain and improve neurological function.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because local anesthetic alone can provide temporary pain relief by blocking nerve conduction, but it does not address the underlying cause of radiculopathy, which is nerve root compression.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because steroid and local anesthetic do not have any effect on the size or shape of the disc or bone spur that is compressing the nerve root. They only reduce inflammation and pain.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because although epidural injections may have fewer systemic side effects than oral or intravenous medications, they still have some risks and complications, such as infection, bleeding, nerve damage, or spinal headache.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of this condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is administering medication to a client who has Parkinson's disease. The client asks the nurse how the medication works. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is evaluating the outcomes of a client who has ischemic stroke and has received rehabilitation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an improvement in functional recovery?

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has ischemic stroke. Which of the following conditions is the most common cause of ischemic stroke?

A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral neuropathy due to diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has cervical radiculopathy due to a herniated disc at C6-C7 level. Which of the following muscles should the nurse assess for weakness?

A nurse is educating a client who has a history of ischemic stroke about modifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of this condition?

A nurse is assessing a client who has a spinal cord injury at the level of T6. Which of the following functions are likely to be affected by this injury? (Select all that apply.)