A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of this condition?

"MS is caused by an autoimmune attack on my nerve cells."

"MS is caused by a degeneration of my nerve fibers."

"MS is caused by an inflammation of my nerve coverings."

"MS is caused by a compression of my nerve roots."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by an autoimmune attack on nerve cells, but rather on nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by a degeneration of nerve fibers, but rather by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer, as MS is caused by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths, which impair transmission of nerve impulses.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by a compression of nerve roots, but rather by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is correct because hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it increases the stress on the arterial walls and accelerates atherosclerosis, which can lead to plaque formation and reduced blood flow to the brain.

Choice B reason:

This is correct because smoking is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it damages the endothelial lining of the arteries and promotes thrombosis, which can lead to clot formation and blockage of blood flow to the brain.

Choice C reason:

This is correct because diabetes mellitus is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it causes hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, which can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because age is a non-modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it cannot be changed or controlled by the client. The risk of ischemic stroke increases with age due to physiological changes in the blood vessels and other organs.

Choice E reason:

This is incorrect because family history is also a non-modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it cannot be changed or controlled by the client. The risk of ischemic stroke may be higher in clients who have relatives who had a stroke due to genetic or environmental factors.

A. Bladder control B. Respiratory rate C. Heart rate D. Arm movement E. Leg movement

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer, as bladder control is regulated by nerves that originate from the sacral region of the spinal cord, which is below T6.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as respiratory rate is regulated by nerves that originate from the cervical and thoracic regions of the spinal cord, which are above T6.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer, as heart rate is regulated by nerves that originate from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, which are below T6.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as arm movement is regulated by nerves that originate from the cervical region of the spinal cord, which is above T6.

Choice E reason:

This is a correct answer, as leg movement is regulated by nerves that originate from the lumbar and sacral regions of the spinal cord, which are below T6.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of this condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a client who has a history of ischemic stroke about modifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a spinal cord injury at the level of T6. Which of the following functions are likely to be affected by this injury? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

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