A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has ischemic stroke. Which of the following conditions is the most common cause of ischemic stroke?

Atherosclerosis

Atrial fibrillation

Cerebral aneurysm

Arteriovenous malformation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

This is the correct answer because atherosclerosis is the main cause of ischemic stroke, as it leads to the formation of plaques that narrow the cerebral arteries and reduce blood flow to the brain.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because atrial fibrillation is a risk factor for ischemic stroke, but not the most common cause. Atrial fibrillation can cause embolic stroke, which occurs when a blood clot from the heart travels to the brain and blocks a cerebral artery.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because cerebral aneurysm is a cause of hemorrhagic stroke, not ischemic stroke. Cerebral aneurysm is a weak spot in a cerebral artery that can rupture and bleed into the brain.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because arteriovenous malformation is also a cause of hemorrhagic stroke, not ischemic stroke. Arteriovenous malformation is a congenital abnormality of the blood vessels in the brain that can leak or burst and cause bleeding.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by an autoimmune attack on nerve cells, but rather on nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by a degeneration of nerve fibers, but rather by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer, as MS is caused by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths, which impair transmission of nerve impulses.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as MS is not caused by a compression of nerve roots, but rather by an inflammation of nerve coverings called myelin sheaths.

A. Spurling's test. B. Straight leg raise test. C. Tinel's sign. D. Phalen's test.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is the correct answer because Spurling's test is used to diagnose cervical radiculopathy by reproducing radicular pain with neck extension, lateral flexion, and compression. A positive result indicates nerve root compression by a herniated disc, osteophyte, or other lesion.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because straight leg raise test is used to diagnose lumbar radiculopathy by reproducing radicular pain with hip flexion and knee extension. A positive result indicates nerve root compression by a herniated disc or other lesion in the lower back.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because Tinel's sign is used to diagnose peripheral neuropathy by reproducing tingling or paresthesia with tapping over a damaged nerve. A positive result indicates nerve regeneration or irritation by a scar, tumor, or other lesion.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because Phalen's test is used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome by reproducing numbness or tingling in the median nerve distribution with wrist flexion for 60 seconds. A positive result indicates median nerve compression by a thickened flexor retinaculum or other lesion in the wrist.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has ischemic stroke. Which of the following conditions is the most common cause of ischemic stroke?

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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