A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a mechanical soft diet. Which food choice would be appropriate for this client to have included in their diet?

Ribs

Apple

Ground beef

Corn on the cob

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Ribs: Ribs are typically not suitable for a mechanical soft diet because they are tough and require chewing. Mechanical soft diets are designed for individuals who have difficulty chewing or swallowing solid foods.

B) Apple: Apples are generally too hard and crunchy for a mechanical soft diet, which is intended to include softer, easier-to-chew foods.

C) Ground beef: Ground beef is appropriate for a mechanical soft diet because it is easier to chew and swallow compared to whole cuts of meat. It is typically tender and does not require extensive chewing.

D) Corn on the cob: Corn on the cob is not suitable for a mechanical soft diet due to its tough and fibrous texture, which can be difficult to chew and swallow for individuals on this type of diet.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Isotonic solution: Isotonic solutions, such as 0.9% sodium chloride, maintain the current sodium levels and fluid balance but do not correct hypernatremia. They are not suitable for lowering elevated sodium levels.

B) Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN): TPN is used for providing comprehensive nutritional support and does not address electrolyte imbalances such as hypernatremia. It is not used to manage sodium levels directly.

C) Hypertonic solution: Hypertonic solutions, such as 3% sodium chloride, increase sodium levels and are used for treating hyponatremia or specific conditions requiring higher sodium concentrations. They would worsen hypernatremia.

D) Hypotonic solution: Hypotonic solutions, like 0.45% sodium chloride (half-normal saline) or Dextrose 5% in water (D5W), are appropriate for treating hypernatremia. They help dilute the sodium concentration in the blood and aid in correcting the elevated sodium levels

A. Extreme thirst B. Paresthesias C. Lethargy D. Blood clots

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Extreme thirst: While extreme thirst can be associated with electrolyte imbalances, particularly in conditions of dehydration or hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels), a sodium level of 116 mEq/L indicates hyponatremia (low sodium levels). Extreme thirst is less typical for hyponatremia.

B) Paresthesias: Paresthesias, or abnormal sensations like tingling or numbness, are more commonly associated with conditions of low calcium or potassium levels rather than sodium. In hyponatremia, neurological symptoms can occur, but they typically include lethargy or confusion rather than specific paresthesias.

C) Lethargy: Lethargy is a common symptom of severe hyponatremia. Low sodium levels can lead to cerebral edema and neurological disturbances, resulting in symptoms such as lethargy, confusion, and even seizures. This is a direct consequence of the altered osmotic balance affecting brain function.

D) Blood clots: Hyponatremia is not typically associated with an increased risk of blood clots. Blood clots are more related to conditions affecting coagulation factors, which are not directly influenced by sodium levels.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a mechanical soft diet. Which food choice would be appropriate for this client to have included in their diet?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

﻿A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy. Which solution should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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