A nurse is caring for a client who returns to the nursing unit from the recovery room after a sigmoid colon resection for adenocarcinoma. The client had an episode of intraoperative bleeding. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client may be developing hypovolemic shock?

Decrease in the urinary output from 50 mL to 30 mL per hour.

Increase in the heart rate from 88 to 110/min.

Decrease in the respiratory rate from 20 to 16/min.

Increase in the temperature from 37.5° C (99.5° F) to 38.6° C (101.5° F).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. A decrease in urinary output can be a sign of decreased blood volume but is less immediate than changes in heart rate.
B. An increase in the heart rate is a common compensatory response to hypovolemia as the body attempts to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs.
C. A decrease in the respiratory rate is not typically associated with hypovolemic shock; rather, respiratory rate may increase due to compensatory mechanisms.
D. An increase in temperature is not a specific indicator of hypovolemic shock; it could be related to infection or inflammation rather than immediate hypovolemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Bladder distension is a common trigger for autonomic dysreflexia in individuals with spinal cord injuries above T-6. It is crucial to manage bladder function to prevent this potentially life-threatening condition.

B. Elevated blood pressure is a sign of autonomic dysreflexia rather than a predisposing factor. Identifying the trigger, such as bladder distension, is essential before addressing the elevated blood pressure.

C. Nasal congestion is not typically associated with autonomic dysreflexia. While it might be uncomfortable, it is not a common trigger for this condition.

D. A severe headache can be a symptom of autonomic dysreflexia, but identifying the underlying cause or trigger, such as bladder distension, is essential for proper management.

A. Mantoux test B. Chest x-ray C. Sputum culture for acid-fast bacillus D. Sputum smear

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The Mantoux test (TB skin test) is used for screening and indicates exposure to TB but cannot confirm active disease.
B. A chest x-ray can show signs suggestive of TB, such as lung lesions, but it does not confirm the presence of the bacteria.
C. A sputum culture for acid-fast bacillus is the most reliable test for confirming active pulmonary TB as it identifies the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the sputum.
D. A sputum smear can detect acid-fast bacilli but is less definitive than a culture, which confirms the diagnosis.

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A nurse is caring for a client who returns to the nursing unit from the recovery room after a sigmoid colon resection for adenocarcinoma. The client had an episode of intraoperative bleeding. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client may be developing hypovolemic shock?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a T-4 spinal cord injury. Which of the following client findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is at risk for experiencing autonomic dysreflexia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of exposure to TB and symptoms of night sweats and hemoptysis. Which of the following tests should the nurse realize is the most reliable to confirm the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who returns to the nursing unit from the recovery room after a sigmoid colon resection for adenocarcinoma. The client had an episode of intraoperative bleeding. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client may be developing hypovolemic shock?