A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. The nurse expects what assessment findings associated with left-sided heart failure? (Select All that Apply.)

Ascites

Edema in the legs and feet

Crackles in the lungs

Confusion

Exertional dyspnea

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A. Ascites is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure. Right-sided failure leads to systemic congestion, causing fluid accumulation in the abdomen.
B. Edema in the legs and feet is a symptom of right-sided heart failure. Left-sided failure primarily affects the lungs, while right-sided failure leads to peripheral edema.
C. Crackles in the lungs are expected in left-sided heart failure. Pulmonary congestion results from blood backing up into the lungs, leading to fluid accumulation in the alveoli.
D. Confusion can occur due to decreased cardiac output and poor oxygenation to the brain. Clients with severe heart failure may experience cognitive changes or altered mental status.
E. Exertional dyspnea is a hallmark of left-sided heart failure. The inability of the left ventricle to pump effectively leads to pulmonary congestion, making breathing difficult during physical activity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Headache is correct. Clients with obstructive sleep apnea often experience morning headaches due to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep.
B. Hypotension is incorrect. Obstructive sleep apnea is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension due to the body's stress response to low oxygen levels.
C. Constipation is not a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are not typically associated with this condition.
D. Nausea is not a characteristic finding in obstructive sleep apnea. The primary symptoms involve respiratory and neurological effects due to oxygen deprivation during sleep.

A. Pleural effusion B. Infection C. Asthma D. Hemorrhage

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Pleural effusion is a common complication of heart failure. Increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation can cause fluid to accumulate in the pleural space, leading to dyspnea and decreased lung expansion.
B. Infection is not a direct complication of heart failure. However, individuals with heart failure may have an increased risk of infections due to a weakened immune system.
C. Asthma is not a complication of heart failure. While both conditions can cause shortness of breath, asthma is a separate respiratory disorder.
D. Hemorrhage is not associated with heart failure. Instead, heart failure can lead to clotting abnormalities or increased bleeding risk if the client is on anticoagulants.

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A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. The nurse expects what assessment findings associated with left-sided heart failure? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is a complication of heart failure?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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