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The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common cause of a myocardial infarction?

A.

Atherosclerosis

B.

Obesity

C.

Hypertension

D.

Diabetes Mellitus type 2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Atherosclerosis is correct. It is the primary cause of myocardial infarction (MI) due to the narrowing and eventual blockage of coronary arteries by plaque buildup, leading to reduced oxygen supply to the heart muscle.  
B. Obesity is a risk factor for MI but is not the direct cause. It contributes to conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis, which increase MI risk.  
C. Hypertension increases the risk of MI by damaging blood vessels over time, but it is not the most common direct cause.  
D. Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is a risk factor because it contributes to vascular damage and atherosclerosis, but it is not the primary cause of an MI.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["120"]

Explanation

Convert pounds to kilograms:

  • 176 pounds / 2.2 pounds/kg = 80 kg

Calculate the enoxaparin dose:

  • 80 kg 1.5 mg/kg = 120 mg

Round to the nearest whole number:

  • 120 mg

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A pulmonary function test is used to assess lung diseases like COPD or asthma. It is not the primary diagnostic test for fluid overload and heart failure.
B. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is associated with early-onset COPD, but it does not relate to symptoms of fluid retention and heart failure as described in the question.
C. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is correct. BNP is released when the ventricles stretch due to fluid overload, making it a key diagnostic marker for heart failure. Elevated BNP levels indicate increased cardiac filling pressures and volume overload, which match the client’s symptoms.
D. A Doppler ultrasound is useful for detecting deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or vascular issues, but it does not assess systemic fluid retention and heart failure.

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