A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure who develops edema. What is the primary pathophysiological process that leads to edema in this client?
Decreased blood volume and hypovolemia.
Increased vascular permeability and leakage of fluid into tissues.
Impaired filtration and reduced excretion of fluid by the kidneys.
Excessive fluid intake and fluid overload.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Incorrect. Decreased blood volume and hypovolemia may contribute to prerenal acute renal failure, but they are not the primary pathophysiological processes that lead to edema in acute renal failure.
B. Incorrect. Increased vascular permeability and leakage of fluid into tissues are not the primary mechanisms of edema in acute renal failure.
C. Correct. In acute renal failure, the impaired filtration and reduced excretion of fluid by the kidneys lead to fluid retention and edema in various parts of the body.
D. Incorrect. Excessive fluid intake and fluid overload may contribute to fluid retention and edema in prerenal acute renal failure, but they are not the primary pathophysiological process in acute renal failure.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Decreased blood volume and hypovolemia may contribute to prerenal acute renal failure, but they are not the primary pathophysiological processes that lead to edema in acute renal failure.
B. Incorrect. Increased vascular permeability and leakage of fluid into tissues are not the primary mechanisms of edema in acute renal failure.
C. Correct. In acute renal failure, the impaired filtration and reduced excretion of fluid by the kidneys lead to fluid retention and edema in various parts of the body.
D. Incorrect. Excessive fluid intake and fluid overload may contribute to fluid retention and edema in prerenal acute renal failure, but they are not the primary pathophysiological process in acute renal failure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Unlike computed tomography (CT) scans, MRI scans do not typically require the ingestion of a contrast solution.
B. Incorrect. The MRI scan does not directly measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is typically assessed through blood tests.
C. Incorrect. A renal biopsy involves inserting a needle through the back to obtain a tissue sample from the kidneys, not an MRI scan.
D. Correct. Before an MRI scan, clients need to remove all metal objects and devices, including jewelry, piercings, hearing aids, and certain medical implants. Metal can interfere with the MRI's magnetic field and cause safety concerns during the procedure.
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