A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following treatments should the infant receive?

The hepatitis B vaccine is monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen

Hepatitis B immune globulin and the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth

Hepatitis B immune globulin at 1 week followed by the hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months

The hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Administering the hepatitis B vaccine monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen is not the appropriate treatment for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Immediate intervention is required to prevent transmission.
Choice B rationale:

The newborn of a mother who is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. HBIG provides passive immunity to the baby while the vaccine stimulates active immunity.
Choice C rationale:

Administering hepatitis B immune globulin for 1 week followed by the hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months is not the correct treatment plan. Immediate intervention is necessary to prevent transmission to the newborn.
Choice D rationale:

Administering the hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days is not the appropriate treatment. Hepatitis B immune globulin should be given within 12 hours of birth, not over several days.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Stopping breastfeeding is not recommended for breast engorgement. Breastfeeding frequently and effectively is one of the best ways to relieve engorgement and prevent further complications.
Choice B rationale: Feeding the baby every 2 hours is a frequent feeding schedule, which can help manage breast engorgement. However, this statement does not specifically address the use of cold compresses for relief.
Choice C rationale: Wearing a supportive bra during the daytime can help provide comfort and support for engorged breasts. However, this statement does not specifically address the use of cold compresses for relief.
Choice D rationale: Applying cold compresses to the breasts before each feeding can help reduce breast engorgement and discomfort. Cold compresses can help constrict the blood vessels and reduce swelling, making it easier for the baby to latch on and feed effectively.

A. Ventricular septal defect B. Cesarean birth C. Small for gestational age D. Maternal history of asthma

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect and is not directly related to respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory acidosis.
Choice B rationale: Cesarean birth, while it can have other implications, is not a direct risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory acidosis. The mode of delivery does not directly impact the newborn's respiratory function.
Choice C rationale: While being small for gestational age can be associated with certain health challenges, it is not a direct risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory acidosis. The baby's size does not determine its respiratory status.
Choice D rationale: Maternal history of asthma is a risk factor that can predispose the newborn to respiratory difficulties, including respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and respiratory acidosis. Infants born to mothers with asthma may have a higher likelihood of developing respiratory problems due to potential genetic factors and exposure to environmental triggers during pregnancy.

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A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following treatments should the infant receive?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is D

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