A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with scoliosis.
The patient asks about the pathophysiology of scoliosis.
Which explanation accurately describes the pathophysiology of scoliosis?
"Scoliosis results from an exaggerated inward curvature of the lower back.”
"Scoliosis causes an excessive forward curvature of the upper back.”
"Scoliosis involves a sideways curvature of the spine, forming an 'S' or 'C' shape.”
"Scoliosis is primarily caused by poor posture and obesity.”
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
"Scoliosis results from an exaggerated inward curvature of the lower back." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
The description provided here more closely aligns with lordosis, not scoliosis.
Scoliosis involves a sideways curvature of the spine, forming an 'S' or 'C' shape, as explained in choice C.
Therefore, choice A is incorrect.
Choice B rationale:
"Scoliosis causes an excessive forward curvature of the upper back." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
The description provided here more closely resembles kyphosis, not scoliosis.
Kyphosis involves an excessive forward curvature of the upper back, while scoliosis involves a lateral or sideways curvature of the spine.
Therefore, choice B is incorrect.
Choice C rationale:
"Scoliosis involves a sideways curvature of the spine, forming an 'S' or 'C' shape." Rationale: This statement is accurate.
Scoliosis is characterized by a lateral curvature of the spine, resulting in an 'S' or 'C' shape when viewed from the front or back.
This lateral curvature can occur in various parts of the spine and can vary in severity.
Therefore, choice C is correct.
Choice D rationale:
"Scoliosis is primarily caused by poor posture and obesity." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
While poor posture and obesity may contribute to the progression of scoliosis in some cases, they are not the primary causes of the condition.
Genetic factors and other underlying factors play a more significant role in the development of scoliosis.
Therefore, choice D is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Lordosis, also known as swayback, is characterized by an exaggerated inward curve in the lumbar spine, which can result in protruding buttocks.
This statement accurately reflects the clinical manifestation commonly associated with lordosis.
Choice A rationale:
"My shoulders and waist look uneven." This statement is more indicative of scoliosis, as previously discussed.
Uneven shoulders and waist are not a typical presentation of lordosis.
Choice B rationale:
"I have a rounded upper back." This statement is characteristic of kyphosis, not lordosis.
Kyphosis involves an excessive forward curvature of the thoracic spine, leading to a rounded upper back.
Choice C rationale:
"I have an exaggerated inward curve in my lower back." This statement describes lordosis itself, so it is redundant as a clinical manifestation commonly associated with lordosis.
It does not provide additional information about the condition.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"Kyphosis can develop due to rapid growth during adolescence." Rationale: This statement is partially accurate.
Kyphosis can indeed develop or worsen during adolescence, particularly during periods of rapid growth.
However, it is not the primary cause of kyphosis.
Therefore, choice A is only partially correct.
Choice B rationale:
"Kyphosis is primarily caused by neuromuscular conditions." Rationale: This statement is accurate.
Kyphosis can result from neuromuscular conditions that affect the muscles and nerves responsible for maintaining proper spinal alignment.
Conditions such as muscular dystrophy or cerebral palsy can lead to kyphosis.
Therefore, choice B is correct.
Choice C rationale:
"Kyphosis is commonly linked to obesity and poor posture." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
While poor posture and obesity may contribute to the progression of kyphosis in some cases, they are not the primary causes of kyphosis.
Neuromuscular conditions and congenital abnormalities are more likely causes.
Therefore, choice C is incorrect.
Choice D rationale:
"Kyphosis is mainly caused by congenital spine abnormalities." Rationale: This statement is accurate.
Congenital spine abnormalities, such as malformed vertebrae or incomplete spinal development, can lead to kyphosis.
These structural issues are among the primary causes of kyphosis.
Therefore, choice D is correct.
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