A nurse is caring for a patient with HELLP syndrome.
Which of the following findings are consistent with a diagnosis of HELLP syndrome?

Choice A rationale

Prophylactic treatment for cytomegalovirus during pregnancy isn't generally recommended. CMV detection should lead to close monitoring rather than prophylactic treatment, as current treatments pose risks without guaranteed efficacy.

Choice B rationale

Avoiding cat litter is crucial during pregnancy to prevent toxoplasmosis infection, which can cause severe fetal harm, including hydrocephalus, mental disabilities, and seizures, by transferring through contact with cat feces.

Choice C rationale

While avoiding crowded places can reduce general infection risks, it is not specifically associated with preventing TORCH infections. TORCH infections refer to a set of perinatal infections that pose particular risks to fetal health.

Choice D rationale

Rubella immunization should be done before pregnancy, not during, as live vaccines carry risks. A woman should confirm immunity before conception to protect against congenital rubella syndrome.

Choice A rationale

Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy (also known as amniotic fluid embolism) occurs when amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enter the mother's bloodstream, triggering a serious reaction. It can cause sudden shortness of breath, cardiovascular collapse, and other severe symptoms immediately after a rupture of membranes and is a rare but critical obstetrical emergency.

Choice B rationale

Abruptio placentae involves the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, which leads to bleeding and potential fetal and maternal distress. However, it does not typically present with sudden cardiorespiratory collapse or shortness of breath immediately following membrane rupture.

Choice C rationale

Uterine rupture refers to a tear in the wall of the uterus, usually due to trauma, labor stress, or previous surgical scars. While it is a severe condition, it usually presents with abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress rather than sudden respiratory failure.

Choice D rationale

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition affecting blood clotting processes, often secondary to other conditions like severe preeclampsia, sepsis, or trauma. It generally presents with bleeding and clotting issues but not sudden respiratory or cardiovascular collapse.