A nurse is caring for a patient with liver disease who has developed ascites; the nurse is collaborating with the client to develop a nutritional plan. The nurse should prioritize which of the following in the client's plan?
Increased potassium intake
Fluid restriction to 2 L per day
Reduction in sodium intake
High-protein, low-fat diet
The Correct Answer is C
A. While potassium may be important in some cases (e.g., if the patient is on diuretics), it is not the first dietary priority in managing ascites.
B. Fluid restriction may be necessary if the client has severe hyponatremia, but it is not the initial dietary focus in ascites management.
C. Reduction in sodium intake is the most critical intervention for managing ascites, as sodium promotes fluid retention and worsens abdominal fluid accumulation.
D. Protein needs must be balanced in liver disease, especially if hepatic encephalopathy is present. While a high-protein, low-fat diet may be helpful in some cases, sodium restriction takes precedence in ascites management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Brudzinski's sign indicates meningeal irritation, not related to hypocalcemia.
B. Kernig's sign also indicates meningeal irritation.
C. Babinski's sign assesses neurological function but is unrelated to calcium levels.
D. Chvostek's sign is a facial muscle spasm triggered by tapping the facial nerve, a classic sign of hypocalcemia, which can occur after thyroidectomy due to inadvertent removal or damage to the parathyroid glands.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) on two separate occasions is a standard diagnostic criterion for diabetes.
B. Random plasma glucose values need to be ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms to support diagnosis, so 150 mg/dL is too low.
C. A fasting glucose >116 mg/dL is below the diagnostic cutoff for diabetes (126 mg/dL).
D. Random plasma glucose of ≥200 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L is too low) with symptoms supports diagnosis, but 126 mg/dL is not a diagnostic cutoff for random glucose.
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