A triage nurse is in the emergency room assessing a patient with a longstanding diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. The nurse notes upon assessment the client is hyperventilating. The triage nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Increased PaCO2

Metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Respiratory acidosis results from hypoventilation, which causes CO₂ retention, not hyperventilation.
B. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when excessive breathing (hyperventilation) leads to excessive loss of CO₂, increasing blood pH — the most common acid-base imbalance in anxiety-induced hyperventilation.
C. Increased PaCO₂ is seen in respiratory acidosis, not during hyperventilation, where CO₂ levels drop.
D. Metabolic acidosis is unrelated to respiratory patterns and is caused by increased acid production or loss of bicarbonate (e.g., in kidney failure or diarrhea).

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Proteinuria and hyperkalemia are not commonly associated with pancreatic surgery.
B. Hemorrhage may be an acute post-op complication, but hypercalcemia is not typically related to pancreatic surgery.
C. Weight loss and hypoglycemia may occur, but they are often secondary to broader problems such as malabsorption or endocrine dysfunction.
D. Malabsorption can occur due to reduced pancreatic enzyme production after surgery, leading to nutrient deficiencies. Hyperglycemia is also common, as insulin production may be impaired if pancreatic tissue is removed, increasing the risk for diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer is ["3.75"]

Explanation

Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate per hour:
1000 mL ÷ 10 hours = 100 mL/hour

Step 2: Calculate time to infuse remaining 375 mL:
375 mL ÷ 100 mL/hour = 3.75 hours

Step 3: Convert 0.75 hour to minutes:
0.75 × 60 = 45 minutes

Final answer: 3 hours and 45 minutes

Rationale:
The infusion rate is constant. Time remaining = remaining volume ÷ rate. Convert decimal hours to minutes for precise documentation.

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A triage nurse is in the emergency room assessing a patient with a longstanding diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. The nurse notes upon assessment the client is hyperventilating. The triage nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The physician orders 1000 mL D5W to infuse over 10 hours. There is 375 mL left in the bag. How many hours and minutes will it be before the bag is empty?

Correct Answer is ["3.75"]

Explanation

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