A nurse is caring for a preschooler who has a new diagnosis of celiac disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A. Decreased heart rate: Dehydration typically causes an increased heart rate (tachycardia) rather than a decreased heart rate.

B. Bulging fontanelle: A bulging fontanel can indicate increased intracranial pressure or overhydration. Dehydration, which is more common with diarrhea, would more likely cause a sunken fontanel.

C. Polyuria: Polyuria (increased urine output) is not expected with dehydration. Dehydration often results in oliguria (decreased urine output).

D. Increased haematocrit: Correct. Dehydration can cause hemoconcentration, which leads to an increased haematocrit as the blood becomes more concentrated.

A. "Hemodialysis uses an electrolyte solution to clean your child's blood." Hemodialysis does not use an electrolyte solution to clean the blood. Instead, it uses a dialysate, a special fluid that helps remove waste products and excess substances from the blood through a semi-permeable membrane in the dialyzer.

B. "Hemodialysis uses an artificial membrane outside the body to clean your child's blood." This statement is accurate. Hemodialysis involves passing the child's blood through an artificial membrane (dialyzer) outside the body to filter and clean it, removing waste products and excess fluids.

C. "Hemodialysis uses your child's abdominal cavity as a membrane to clean their blood." This statement describes peritoneal dialysis, not hemodialysis. In peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneal cavity inside the abdomen is used as a natural membrane for dialysis.

D. "Hemodialysis slowly filtrates your child's blood continuously." Continuous slow filtration of blood describes Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT), not standard hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is typically performed several times a week for a few hours each session.