A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent regurgitation? (Select all that apply.)
Thicken the infant's formula with cereal.
Avoid giving the infant citrus juices.
Position the child with their head elevated after meals.
Place the infant's head on a soft pillow while sleeping.
Administer an antiemetic to the infant.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Thicken the infant's formula with cereal: Thickening the infant's formula with cereal can help reduce the likelihood of regurgitation by increasing its viscosity and promoting better gastric emptying. This can help decrease the frequency and severity of gastroesophageal reflux episodes.
B. Avoid giving the infant citrus juices: Citrus juices are acidic and can exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in infants. Avoiding citrus juices can help reduce the acidity of the stomach contents, potentially decreasing the likelihood of regurgitation.
C. Position the child with their head elevated after meals: Keeping the infant in an upright position with the head elevated after meals can help prevent regurgitation by reducing the likelihood of gastric contents flowing back into the esophagus. This position facilitates gravity-assisted digestion and minimizes pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter.
D. Place the infant's head on a soft pillow while sleeping: Placing the infant's head on a soft pillow while sleeping is not recommended as it increases the risk of suffocation and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Infants should always be placed on their back to sleep in a flat, firm surface without pillows or soft bedding to reduce the risk of adverse events.
E. Administer an antiemetic to the infant: Administering an antiemetic to the infant is not typically indicated for the management of gastroesophageal reflux in infants, especially as a preventive measure. Antiemetics may have potential side effects and should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider for specific indications.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Give the infant liquids using a small spoon with a long handle.
Give the infant liquids using a small spoon with a long handle.While feeding is essential, the method described is not specific to postoperative care after cleft palate repair.Feedings are resumed by bottle, breast/chest, or cup per surgeon preference; some surgeons prescribe the use of an Asepto syringe for feeding or a soft cup such as a soft-tipped sippy cup.
B. Apply elbow restraints to the infant.
Apply elbow restraints to the infant is correct.Elbow restraints would be used to prevent the infant from injuring or traumatizing the surgical site.
C. Gently check the infant's suture line using a padded tongue depressor.
It's important to assess the surgical site for signs of infection or bleeding, but using a padded tongue depressor may not be the most appropriate method. The nurse should follow the surgeon's orders regarding wound care and assessment techniques, which may include visual inspection without manipulation.
D. Place the infant in a supine position.
Placing the infant in a supine position is generally recommended after cleft palate repair surgery to minimize strain on the surgical site and promote healing. However, it's essential to ensure proper positioning to prevent aspiration and maintain airway patency.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. "Schedule a time for your child to receive the pneumococcal vaccine within 2 weeks."
This statement is incorrect. Pharyngitis caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) is typically treated with antibiotics, but it does not necessitate pneumococcal vaccination. Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for other purposes, such as preventing pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease.
B. "Provide your child with their own towel for drying their face and hands at home."
This statement is correct. Group A streptococci (GAS) can be transmitted through respiratory droplets or by direct contact with infected secretions. Providing the child with their own towel can help prevent the spread of the infection to other family members.
C. "Replace your child's toothbrush 24 hours after beginning antibiotic therapy."
This statement is correct. It is recommended to replace the child's toothbrush after starting antibiotic therapy to reduce the risk of re-infection with group A streptococci (GAS).
D. "Your child can return to school 24 hours after their first dose of antibiotics."
This statement is correct. After initiating antibiotic therapy for GABHS pharyngitis, the child is usually considered non-contagious and can return to school after completing 24 hours of antibiotic treatment.
E. "Replace your child's orthodontic appliances prior to beginning antibiotic therapy."
This statement is incorrect. There is no specific recommendation to replace orthodontic appliances before starting antibiotic therapy for GABHS pharyngitis unless otherwise advised by a dentist or healthcare provider.
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