A nurse is teaching a school-age child and their parents about managing diabetes mellitus during illness. The nurse should determine that the teaching has been effective when the parents indicate they will provide which of the following when the child is ill?

Decreased calories

Increased fluids

Blood glucose monitoring every 8 hr

Urine testing for leukocytes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased calories:

During illness, it's important to ensure adequate calorie intake to meet the body's increased energy demands for fighting off infection. Decreasing calories is not appropriate and can lead to hypoglycemia in a child with diabetes mellitus.

B. Increased fluids:

This is the correct option. During illness, the body's fluid requirements increase due to fever, sweating, and increased urination. Providing increased fluids helps prevent dehydration, which can exacerbate hyperglycemia. Parents should encourage the child to drink plenty of water or other sugar-free fluids to stay hydrated.

C. Blood glucose monitoring every 8 hr:

During illness, blood glucose levels may fluctuate more than usual due to changes in food intake, activity level, and the body's response to stress. Therefore, more frequent blood glucose monitoring is necessary, typically every 2-4 hours or as directed by the healthcare provider, rather than every 8 hours.

D. Urine testing for leukocytes:

Urine testing for leukocytes is not directly related to managing diabetes mellitus during illness. It may be done to assess for urinary tract infections, which can occur more frequently in individuals with diabetes, but it is not a routine part of diabetes management during illness.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Gently put the tubes back into the child's ears": This is not the correct response. Tympanoplasty tubes are not meant to be reinserted if they fall out. Attempting to reinsert them without proper medical training could cause injury or damage to the child's ears. Therefore, this response should be avoided.

B. "Bring the child to the emergency department immediately": While it's important for the parent to seek medical attention if the tubes fall out, it may not always necessitate a visit to the emergency department, especially if the child is not experiencing any other symptoms. This response might cause unnecessary panic for the parent and may not be the most appropriate course of action.

C. "Notify the provider that the tubes have fallen out": This is the correct response. If the tympanoplasty tubes fall out, the parent should notify the healthcare provider who performed the procedure. The provider can then assess the situation and determine the next steps, which may include scheduling a follow-up appointment to evaluate the child's ears.

D. "The tubes are sutured in place and must be surgically removed": This is incorrect. Tympanoplasty tubes are not sutured in place; they are typically designed to fall out on their own after a certain period of time. Additionally, removal of tympanoplasty tubes usually does not require another surgical procedure.

A. "Expect the medication to cause constipation for the first few days of therapy." B. "Take the medication at the same time each day." C. "This medication is used for short-term therapy until your symptoms improve." D. "Take this medication 1 hour before meals."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Expect the medication to cause constipation for the first few days of therapy.": This statement is incorrect. Metformin commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and nausea, especially when therapy is initiated. Constipation is not typically associated with metformin use.

B. "Take the medication at the same time each day.": This is a correct instruction. It is important for the adolescent to take metformin at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels of the medication and optimize its effectiveness.

C. "This medication is used for short-term therapy until your symptoms improve.": This statement is incorrect. Metformin is typically used for long-term management of type 2 diabetes mellitus to help control blood sugar levels. It is not intended for short-term therapy.

D. "Take this medication 1 hour before meals.": This statement is incorrect. While metformin can be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects, it is not necessary to take it specifically 1 hour before meals. It can be taken with meals or shortly after meals.

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A nurse is teaching a school-age child and their parents about managing diabetes mellitus during illness. The nurse should determine that the teaching has been effective when the parents indicate they will provide which of the following when the child is ill?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse working on an outpatient surgical unit is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a preschooler following placement of tympanoplasty tubes. The parent asks the nurse, "What should I do if the tubes fall out?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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