A nurse is caring for an infant with cyanosis and a ventricular septal defect (VSD).
The nurse should expect which of the following symptoms in this patient?

"My baby's skin and lips have turned bluish.”

"My baby has difficulty feeding and is not gaining weight properly.”

"My baby gets tired quickly during physical activity.”

"I can hear abnormal heart sounds during the check-up.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

The patient's statement, "My baby's skin and lips have turned bluish," is a classic symptom of cyanosis.

Cyanosis is a bluish or purple discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, which occurs due to a lack of oxygen in the blood.

In this case, it's associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), which is a congenital heart defect that allows oxygen-poor blood from the right side of the heart to mix with oxygen-rich blood from the left side.

Choice B rationale:

The statement, "My baby has difficulty feeding and is not gaining weight properly," may be related to the VSD, but it is not a typical symptom of cyanosis.

This symptom can occur due to congestive heart failure in infants with VSD.

Choice C rationale:

"My baby gets tired quickly during physical activity" can also be associated with VSD and congestive heart failure, but it is not a direct symptom of cyanosis.

Choice D rationale:

"I can hear abnormal heart sounds during the check-up" is not a symptom but rather a sign of a ventricular septal defect.

Abnormal heart sounds, like a loud holosystolic murmur, may be heard on auscultation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Measuring the level of oxygen in a child's blood does not help assess the electrical activity of the heart.

Oxygen measurement and the assessment of heart electrical activity are two separate concepts.

Choice B rationale:

Measuring oxygen levels in the blood primarily evaluates the child's oxygen saturation, not the respiratory rate and effort.

While oxygen saturation is related to respiratory function, it doesn't directly assess the rate and effort of breathing.

Choice C rationale:

Measuring the level of oxygen in a child's blood monitors oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry.

Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method used to measure the percentage of oxygen saturation in the blood.

This is important because it provides information about the child's oxygen levels, which is crucial for assessing their respiratory and circulatory status.

Choice D rationale:

Measuring the level of oxygen in the blood does not measure the child's weight and developmental milestones.

This response is unrelated to the purpose of monitoring oxygen levels in the blood.

A. Genetic factors. B. Maternal health. C. Exposure to infections during pregnancy. D. Chromosomal abnormalities. E. Paternal health.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Genetic factors can contribute to the development of congenital heart defects in children.

Certain genetic mutations or abnormalities can increase the risk of congenital heart conditions.

Choice B rationale:

Maternal health is a factor that may contribute to the development of congenital heart defects in children.

Maternal conditions such as diabetes or rubella during pregnancy can increase the risk of congenital heart defects in the fetus.

Choice C rationale:

Exposure to infections during pregnancy is a known risk factor for the development of congenital heart defects.

Infections like rubella and certain medications can increase the risk of congenital heart conditions.

Choice D rationale:

Chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), can be associated with congenital heart defects.

These genetic abnormalities can impact the development of the heart.

Choice E rationale:

While paternal health is important for overall fetal development, it is not a well-established risk factor for congenital heart defects.

The primary factors are maternal and genetic.

Congenital heart defects in children can be influenced by a combination of genetic factors, maternal health, exposure to infections during pregnancy, and chromosomal abnormalities.

These factors interact to increase the risk of congenital heart conditions.

Therefore, choices A, B, C, and D are all correct answers.

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A nurse is caring for an infant with cyanosis and a ventricular septal defect (VSD).The nurse should expect which of the following symptoms in this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client asks the nurse, "What is the purpose of measuring the level of oxygen in my child's blood?" Which response by the nurse is accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for an infant with cyanosis and a ventricular septal defect (VSD).The nurse should expect which of the following symptoms in this patient?

A nurse is caring for an infant with cyanosis and a ventricular septal defect (VSD).
The nurse should expect which of the following symptoms in this patient?