Select all the symptoms that may be associated with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) in children.

Bluish discoloration of the skin, lips, or nail beds.

Poor feeding and inadequate weight gain.

Rapid breathing and shortness of breath.

Abnormal heart sounds heard during auscultation.

Frequent respiratory infections.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

Choice A rationale:

Bluish discoloration of the skin, lips, or nail beds (cyanosis) is a classic symptom of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD).

This occurs because of the inadequate oxygenation of the blood, which leads to oxygen-poor blood being circulated in the body.

Choice B rationale:

Poor feeding and inadequate weight gain can be associated with CCHD, especially when there is a significant reduction in cardiac output.

Infants with CCHD may have difficulty feeding due to the increased workload on their heart and may struggle to gain weight.

Choice C rationale:

Rapid breathing and shortness of breath are common symptoms in children with CCHD.

The inadequate oxygenation of the blood can lead to an increased respiratory rate and shortness of breath as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen.

Choice D rationale:

Abnormal heart sounds heard during auscultation are characteristic of CCHD.

The specific type of abnormal heart sound may vary depending on the specific defect but can include murmurs, clicks, or other unusual sounds.

Choice E rationale:

Frequent respiratory infections are not typically associated with CCHD.

While children with CCHD may be more susceptible to infections due to their compromised oxygenation, it is not a direct symptom of the condition.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Genetic factors can contribute to the development of congenital heart defects in children.

Certain genetic mutations or abnormalities can increase the risk of congenital heart conditions.

Choice B rationale:

Maternal health is a factor that may contribute to the development of congenital heart defects in children.

Maternal conditions such as diabetes or rubella during pregnancy can increase the risk of congenital heart defects in the fetus.

Choice C rationale:

Exposure to infections during pregnancy is a known risk factor for the development of congenital heart defects.

Infections like rubella and certain medications can increase the risk of congenital heart conditions.

Choice D rationale:

Chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), can be associated with congenital heart defects.

These genetic abnormalities can impact the development of the heart.

Choice E rationale:

While paternal health is important for overall fetal development, it is not a well-established risk factor for congenital heart defects.

The primary factors are maternal and genetic.

Congenital heart defects in children can be influenced by a combination of genetic factors, maternal health, exposure to infections during pregnancy, and chromosomal abnormalities.

These factors interact to increase the risk of congenital heart conditions.

Therefore, choices A, B, C, and D are all correct answers.

A. Monitor vital signs regularly. B. Administer prescribed medications. C. Encourage bed rest. D. Provide oxygen therapy as needed. E. Educate the client about lifestyle modifications.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Monitor vital signs regularly.

This is an appropriate nursing intervention for a client with Atrial septal defect (ASD).

Regular monitoring of vital signs, including heart rate and blood pressure, helps to assess the client's cardiovascular status and response to treatment.

Choice B rationale:

Administer prescribed medications.

Administering medications as prescribed is a crucial nursing intervention.

Depending on the client's condition, medications may include diuretics, antiarrhythmics, or other medications to manage symptoms and improve heart function.

Choice C rationale:

Encourage bed rest.

Encouraging bed rest is not typically required for clients with ASD unless there are specific indications, such as severe symptoms.

It's important to promote activity within the limits of the client's condition to prevent deconditioning.

Choice D rationale:

Provide oxygen therapy as needed.

Oxygen therapy may be needed for clients with ASD if they experience significant hypoxia or respiratory distress.

It can help improve oxygen saturation and relieve dyspnea.

Choice E rationale:

Educate the client about lifestyle modifications.

Educating the client about lifestyle modifications is essential.

Clients with ASD may benefit from lifestyle changes such as a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise within their limits, and smoking cessation if applicable.

These modifications can help manage symptoms and improve overall cardiovascular health.

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Select all the symptoms that may be associated with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) in children.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(Select all that apply): A nurse is educating a group of parents about congenital heart defects in children.Which factors may contribute to the development of congenital heart defects in children? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

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