A nurse is caring for client who has difficulty swallowing medications and is prescribed enteric-coated aspirin PO once daily. The client asks the medication can be crushed to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?

A) Role-play:
Role-playing is a teaching strategy where the client or learner acts out a scenario or situation to practice certain behaviors, such as interacting with others in a social or clinical setting. In this case, the nurse is not asking the client to simulate a scenario or interact with others, but instead, to physically perform a specific task (walking with a walker).

B) Question-and-answer:
The question-and-answer method involves the nurse asking the client questions to assess understanding or clarify information. This method typically involves verbal interaction rather than performing a physical skill. In this scenario, the nurse is not simply asking questions, but rather observing the client as they perform the physical task of walking with a walker.

C) Discussion:
Discussion is a method of teaching where ideas or concepts are shared and discussed, often in a conversational format. While the nurse might use discussion as part of the overall teaching, the act of having the client physically demonstrate walking with a walker is a separate and more focused teaching strategy.

D) Return demonstration:
Return demonstration is the teaching strategy in which the nurse shows the client how to perform a task (such as walking with a walker) and then asks the client to perform the task themselves to confirm understanding and skill acquisition. This method allows the nurse to assess the client’s ability to perform the task correctly and ensures that the client has learned the skill effectively.

A) Keep the head of the client’s bed elevated to 45 degrees:
Elevating the head of the bed to 45 degrees can actually increase the risk of pressure injuries, particularly in clients who are already at risk. This position can cause shearing forces and increase pressure on areas such as the sacrum, heels, and hips, making it more likely for pressure ulcers to develop.

B) Provide the client with a high-calorie diet:
A high-calorie diet is important for clients at risk of pressure injuries because adequate nutrition supports skin integrity and wound healing. Clients at risk for pressure injuries often have compromised nutritional status, and providing sufficient calories, protein, and other nutrients helps improve tissue regeneration and resilience. A high-calorie, high-protein diet helps prevent further breakdown of the skin and supports the healing process for any existing wounds.

C) Massage the client’s bony prominences:
Massaging bony prominences, such as the heels, elbows, and sacrum, is not recommended because it can cause tissue damage and increase the risk of pressure injury. Instead, the focus should be on minimizing pressure on these areas and using appropriate methods to redistribute pressure, such as repositioning the client or using pressure-relieving devices.

D) Reposition the client every 4 hours:
Repositioning the client every 4 hours may not be frequent enough for those at high risk for pressure injuries. For individuals who are immobile or at high risk, repositioning should typically occur at least every 2 hours to alleviate pressure on vulnerable areas of the body.