A nurse is conducting an assessment of a client who is suspected of having pelvic inflammatory disease. Which finding would the nurse identify as mandatory for the diagnosis to be made? Select all that apply

adnexal tenderness

mucopurulent vaginal discharge

cervical motion tenderness

lower abdominal tenderness

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. Adnexal tenderness: This is a key diagnostic criterion for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Tenderness in the adnexal area (around the ovaries and fallopian tubes) indicates inflammation and infection of the upper reproductive organs, which is characteristic of PID.

B. Mucopurulent vaginal discharge: Although common in PID, mucopurulent discharge is considered a supportive rather than mandatory criterion. It helps confirm infection but is not required for diagnosis according to CDC guidelines.

C. Cervical motion tenderness: This is one of the classic “triad” signs of PID. Pain elicited when the cervix is moved during a bimanual exam suggests infection and inflammation in the pelvic structures, making it a mandatory diagnostic finding.

D. Lower abdominal tenderness: Lower abdominal or pelvic pain is another essential diagnostic feature. It reflects inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries and is one of the minimum criteria for diagnosing PID.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Placing your child on her back when sleeping will decrease the risk of SIDS.": Supine (back) sleeping significantly reduces the risk of SIDS by maintaining an open airway and preventing rebreathing of carbon dioxide. This recommendation is part of the “Back to Sleep” campaign, which has led to a major decline in SIDS cases.

B. "SIDS is directly correlated with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines.": There is no scientific evidence linking SIDS with routine childhood immunizations. Vaccinations may offer protective benefits by reducing infections that could contribute to SIDS risk factors.

C. "Sleep apnea is the main cause of SIDS.": Although apnea may occur in some SIDS cases, it is not identified as the main cause. SIDS is a multifactorial syndrome, often associated with unsafe sleep environments and immature cardiorespiratory regulation in infants.

D. "SIDS rates have been rising over the last 10 years.": SIDS rates have actually decreased due to public health efforts promoting safe sleep practices, such as placing infants on their backs and avoiding soft bedding or co-sleeping.

A. Provide a high-carbohydrate meal. B. Contact the poison control center. C. Bring the child to the office for a rapid infusion of deferoxamine. D. Give the child syrup of ipecac.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Provide a high-carbohydrate meal: Offering food will not reduce iron absorption or counteract toxicity. Iron poisoning causes gastrointestinal irritation, metabolic acidosis, and possible organ damage, requiring urgent medical evaluation rather than dietary measures.

B. Contact the poison control center: Iron overdose is potentially life-threatening, and poison control can provide immediate, specific guidance based on the child’s age, weight, and amount ingested. Prompt emergency intervention may be needed.

C. Bring the child to the office for a rapid infusion of deferoxamine: Deferoxamine is the antidote for severe iron toxicity but should only be administered in a healthcare facility after diagnostic confirmation of toxicity levels. The parent must first receive instructions from poison control or emergency services.

D. Give the child syrup of ipecac: Inducing vomiting with syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended due to the risk of aspiration and limited efficacy in toxin removal. The child should instead receive immediate evaluation and treatment in an emergency setting.

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A nurse is conducting an assessment of a client who is suspected of having pelvic inflammatory disease. Which finding would the nurse identify as mandatory for the diagnosis to be made? Select all that apply

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother voices concerns about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The nurse should include which of the following statements in a discussion with the mother?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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