A nurse is conducting an assessment on a patient diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following symptoms is the nurse likely to observe?

Slowing of activity

Muscle flaccidity

Gait with the body leaning backward

Continuous tremors

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Slowing of activity, also known as bradykinesia, is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease. It is characterized by a general reduction in the speed and amplitude of voluntary movements, leading to difficulties with tasks such as walking, talking, and performing other self-care activities.
Choice B rationale
Muscle flaccidity is not typically associated with Parkinson’s disease. Instead, people with Parkinson’s often experience muscle rigidity or stiffness.
Choice C rationale
A gait with the body leaning backward is not a typical symptom of Parkinson’s disease. People with Parkinson’s disease often have a stooped posture, with the body leaning forward.
Choice D rationale
Continuous tremors are a hallmark symptom of Parkinson’s disease, but they are not present in all cases. Tremors in Parkinson’s disease are often described as a “pill-rolling” tremor because the movement resembles the motion of trying to roll a pill between the thumb and index finger.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
This statement is not accurate. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is characterized by periods of new symptoms or relapses that develop over days or weeks and usually improve partially or completely. These episodes are followed by periods of remission, where the disease does not progress. Therefore, RRMS does not cause a steady and gradual decline in function.
Choice B rationale
This is the correct answer. Stress and extreme fatigue can trigger a relapse in RRMS1. Therefore, it is important for patients to avoid these triggers to manage their symptoms effectively.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. RRMS is the most common disease course at the time of diagnosis. It is not the least common type of multiple sclerosis.
Choice D rationale
This statement is not accurate. Medications for RRMS, known as disease-modifying treatments (DMT), are designed to reduce the frequency and severity of relapses. They are not intended to be taken only during times of relapse, but rather on an ongoing basis to manage the disease.

A. Red meat B. Frozen yogurt C. Canned soup D. Shellfish

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C rationale
Patients with Ménière’s disease are often advised to limit or avoid foods high in sodium, such as canned soup. High sodium intake can increase fluid retention, which can exacerbate the symptoms of Ménière’s disease, such as vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
Choice A rationale
There is no specific recommendation for patients with Ménière’s disease to limit or avoid red meat. However, a balanced diet that includes lean proteins is generally recommended for overall health.
Choice B rationale
Frozen yogurt is not specifically contraindicated for patients with Ménière’s disease. However, patients should be mindful of the sugar content, as high sugar intake can potentially trigger symptoms.

Choice D rationale
Shellfish is not specifically contraindicated for patients with Ménière’s disease. However, patients should be mindful of the preparation method and any added sodium, which can exacerbate symptoms.

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A nurse is conducting an assessment on a patient diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following symptoms is the nurse likely to observe?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is newly diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). What instruction should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is providing discharge education to a patient newly diagnosed with Ménière’s disease. What food should the patient be instructed to limit or avoid?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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