A nurse is discussing the adverse effects of antipsychotic medications with a client. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding?
“Antipsychotic medications do not have any adverse effects.”
“Antipsychotic medications only have mild adverse effects such as drowsiness.”
“Antipsychotic medications can cause various adverse effects depending on the type and dose of the medication.”
“Antipsychotic medications only cause serious adverse effects.”
The Correct Answer is C
Antipsychotic medications can cause various adverse effects depending on the type and dose of the medication. This statement indicates that the client understands that antipsychotic drugs are not free of side effects and that they may vary in severity and type.
Choice A is wrong because antipsychotic medications do have adverse effects, such as extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, and agranulocytosis.
Choice B is wrong because antipsychotic medications can have more than mild adverse effects, such as drowsiness. Some of the adverse effects can be serious and life-threatening, such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Choice D is wrong because antipsychotic medications do not only cause serious adverse effects. Some of the adverse effects can be mild and manageable, such as dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation.
Normal ranges for blood pressure, pulse, temperature, and white blood cell count are:
• Blood pressure: 120/80 mmHg
• Pulse: 60-100 beats per minute
• Temperature: 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F)
• White blood cell count: 4.5-11 x 10^9/L
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B"]
Explanation
Second-generation antipsychotics have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.This means that they block less dopamine and more serotonin in the brain, which reduces the risk of extrapyramidal side effects and improves negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice A is wrong because first-generation antipsychotics have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.This means that they block more dopamine and less serotonin in the brain, which increases the risk of extrapyramidal side effects and does not improve negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice C is wrong because it is the opposite of choice A.First-generation antipsychotics do not have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Choice D is wrong because it is the opposite of choice B.Second-generation antipsychotics do not have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Choice E is wrong because both first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics do not have a high affinity for both dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.They have different affinities for these receptors, which account for their different effects and side effects.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Antipsychotic medications can also be used to treat other mental health disorders such as bipolar disorder.This is because some antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole (Abilify), act on both serotonin and dopamine receptors in the brain, which are involved in mood regulation.
Choice A is wrong because antipsychotic medications are not only used to treat psychotic symptoms, but also negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as social withdrawal, flattened affect, and anhedonia.
Choice C is wrong because antipsychotic medications are not only used to treat schizophrenia, but also other psychotic disorders, such as schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, and brief psychotic disorder.
Choice D is wrong because antipsychotic medications are effective in treating other mental health disorders, such as bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.Some antipsychotics also have antiemetic effects, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and prochlorperazine (Compazine).
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