A nurse is educating a client who has a new prescription for metformin about how to take this medication. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Take metformin with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset.
Take metformin at bedtime to avoid hypoglycemia during the day.
Take metformin with grapefruit juice to enhance its absorption.
Take metformin with an antacid to prevent acid reflux.
The Correct Answer is A
A) Correct. The nurse should instruct the client to take metformin with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain, which are common adverse effects of this medication.
B) Incorrect. The nurse should not instruct the client to take metformin at bedtime, as this may increase the risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but serious complication of this medication that can cause muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, or hyperventilation.
C) Incorrect. The nurse should not instruct the client to take metformin with grapefruit juice, as this may interfere with its metabolism and increase its blood levels, which can lead to hypoglycemia or low blood sugar levels.
D) Incorrect. The nurse should not instruct the client to take metformin with an antacid, as this may decrease its absorption and effectiveness in lowering blood sugar levels.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B) Correct. The nurse should instruct the client to take ibuprofen with food or milk to prevent gastric irritation, as ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers.
A) Incorrect. Although this is a good advice, it is not the priority action for the nurse to take, as alcohol does not directly interact with ibuprofen.
C) Incorrect. The nurse should not suggest the client to switch to another medication without consulting their provider, as acetaminophen has its own risks and contraindications, such as liver toxicity.
D) Incorrect. The nurse should not tell the client to stop taking ibuprofen abruptly without consulting their provider, as this may worsen their pain and inflammation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B) Correct. The client should check with their doctor before taking any herbal supplements or remedies, as some of them may interact with warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding or clotting.
A) Incorrect. The client should not avoid eating foods that are high in vitamin K, but rather maintain a consistent intake of them, as vitamin K is an antidote for warfarin and can affect its therapeutic effect.
C) Incorrect. This statement is relevant for preventing bleeding complications while taking warfarin, but it does not indicate an understanding of potential drug interactions.
D) Incorrect. This statement is relevant for monitoring the effects of warfarin on cardiovascular function, but it does not indicate an understanding of potential drug interactions.
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