A nurse is collecting data on a patient who is receiving a unit of PRBCs.
Which of the following symptoms is a sign of an allergic transfusion reaction?
Wheezing
Flank pain
Elevated blood pressure
Distended neck veins
Answer and explanation The
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Wheezing is a common symptom of an allergic transfusion reaction. An allergic transfusion reaction occurs when the recipient’s immune system reacts to foreign proteins or allergens in the donor’s blood. Symptoms of an allergic reaction can range from mild to severe, and they typically include skin reactions such as hives and itching, as well as respiratory symptoms like wheezing. In severe cases, the reaction can cause difficulty breathing.
Choice B rationale:
Flank pain is not typically associated with an allergic transfusion reaction. It is more commonly a symptom of conditions affecting the kidneys or urinary tract. While flank pain can occur in a hemolytic transfusion reaction due to the rapid destruction of red blood cells, it is not a symptom of an allergic reaction.
Choice C rationale:
Elevated blood pressure is not a typical symptom of an allergic transfusion reaction. Allergic reactions more commonly cause symptoms such as hives, itching, and respiratory symptoms like wheezing. In severe cases, an allergic reaction can actually lead to a drop in blood pressure.
Choice D rationale:
Distended neck veins are not a typical symptom of an allergic transfusion reaction. They are more commonly associated with conditions that cause increased pressure in the right side of the heart. While distended neck veins can occur in a transfusion reaction due to fluid overload, they are not a symptom of an allergic reaction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hypothermia, or abnormally low body temperature, is not typically a symptom of diarrhea. While it’s possible for a person with severe diarrhea to experience chills or feel cold, hypothermia is not a direct result of diarrhea.
Choice B rationale:
A rigid abdomen is often a sign of a serious condition like peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum, the tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen), but it is not typically associated with diarrhea.
Choice C rationale:
Dehydration is a common complication of diarrhea. When a person has diarrhea, they can lose a lot of fluid and electrolytes quickly, leading to dehydration. Symptoms of dehydration can include thirst, less frequent urination, dark-colored urine, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion.
Choice D rationale:
Decreased bowel sounds are not typically associated with diarrhea. In fact, bowel sounds may actually increase in some cases of diarrhea due to increased gut motility.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Caffeinated beverages are known to cause diarrhea. Caffeine naturally occurs in many foods and drinks, including coffee and chocolate. It speeds up the digestive system and can cause loose stools. In addition, caffeine can irritate the stomach lining during digestion. Therefore, it’s important for the nurse to educate the patient about the potential effects of caffeinated beverages on their digestive system.
Choice B rationale:
Low-fiber cereal is not typically associated with triggering diarrhea. In fact, foods that are low in fiber can actually help firm up stools and are often recommended for individuals experiencing diarrhea. Therefore, while it’s not harmful, it’s not a primary concern for patients with diarrhea.
Choice C rationale:
White rice is another food that does not typically cause diarrhea. Similar to low-fiber cereal, white rice can help firm up stools and is often recommended for individuals experiencing diarrhea. It’s not a primary concern for patients with diarrhea.
Choice D rationale:
Ripe bananas do not typically cause diarrhea. They are actually part of the BRAT diet (Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast), which is often recommended for individuals experiencing diarrhea. Therefore, it’s not a primary concern for patients with diarrhea.
In conclusion, when educating a patient about food and drinks that can trigger diarrhea, the nurse should include caffeinated beverages as they can potentially cause diarrhea. However, low-fiber cereal, white rice, and ripe bananas are not typically associated with triggering diarrhea.
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