A nurse is educating a parent of a child diagnosed with celiac disease.
Which of the following food choices should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A rationale
Hepatitis A is a highly contagious virus that spreads through person-to-person contact or consuming contaminated food or drink. The virus can contaminate food during growing, harvesting, processing, handling, and even after cooking. Therefore, avoiding serving raw foods can help prevent the spread of the virus.
Choice B rationale

Hepatitis A is not typically spread through sexual intercourse. It is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, either by person-to-person contact or consumption of contaminated food or water. Therefore, wearing barrier protection during vaginal intercourse is not a primary prevention strategy for Hepatitis A.
Choice C rationale
While it’s possible to contract Hepatitis A from food prepared at any location, including fast food restaurants, the risk is not specifically associated with these establishments. The key is whether the food is contaminated with the virus, which can occur in any setting if food is handled by someone infected with Hepatitis A who doesn’t properly wash their hands after using the toilet.
Choice D rationale
Practicing effective hand hygiene, including thoroughly washing hands after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food, is a primary prevention strategy for Hepatitis A1. The virus is spread in part by the fecal-oral route, so good hand hygiene can help prevent ingestion of the virus.

Choice A rationale
Providing information is a communication technique where the nurse gives the patient factual and relevant information. In this scenario, the nurse is not providing information but rather seeking to understand the patient’s feelings.
Choice B rationale
Summarizing is a communication technique where the nurse reviews the main points of the conversation to ensure understanding. In this scenario, the nurse is not summarizing the conversation but rather seeking to understand the patient’s feelings.

Choice C rationale
Clarification is a communication technique where the nurse seeks to understand the patient’s message by asking for more information or for elaboration on a point. In this scenario, the nurse is using clarification by restating the patient’s concern in a different way to confirm their understanding.
Choice D rationale
Confrontation is a communication technique where the nurse addresses observed discrepancies or conflicts in the patient’s behavior or communication. In this scenario, the nurse is not confronting the patient but rather seeking to understand their feelings.