A nurse is educating a patient about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

You should avoid or cut down on alcohol and caffeine which can aggravate GERD.

It is okay to take aspirin with GERD.

You should avoid possible mercury containing foods such as some seafood because of their risk to GERD.

There is no causal link between lying down after eating and increased onset of GERD.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing discomfort. Certain lifestyle habits and diet can trigger or worsen GERD symptoms. Alcohol and caffeine are among the substances that can aggravate

GERD123. They can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Therefore, reducing or avoiding alcohol and caffeine can help manage GERD symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause or worsen GERD symptoms. It can irritate the esophagus and stomach lining, leading to heartburn and other GERD symptoms. Therefore, it’s not advisable to take aspirin if you have GERD12.
Choice C rationale
While it’s important to avoid mercury-containing foods due to their potential health risks, there’s no specific link between these foods and GERD12. GERD is primarily triggered by foods that relax the lower esophageal sphincter, cause stomach distension, or irritate the esophagus. Mercury-containing foods do not fall into these categories.
Choice D rationale
Lying down after eating can indeed increase the onset of GERD123. When you lie down, it’s easier for stomach acid to backflow into the esophagus. This is why it’s recommended to wait at least 2-3 hours after eating before lying down.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Free T4 levels are typically low in primary hypothyroidism, not elevated.

Choice B rationale
Serum T3 levels are also typically low in primary hypothyroidism.
Choice C rationale
In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone, leading to an elevated TSH level as the pituitary gland tries to stimulate more hormone production.
Choice D rationale
Serum calcium levels are not directly affected by primary hypothyroidism.

A. “Take pain relief medication such as acetaminophen to relieve discomfort associated with ascites.”. B. “Avoid high-sodium foods such as canned soups/vegetables, processed meats, and prepackaged frozen dinners.”. C. “Ensure that you eat three large meals per day to keep your calories up.”. D. “Increase your activity as much as possible.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While acetaminophen can be used to relieve discomfort, it should be used with caution in patients with liver disease like cirrhosis, as it can potentially cause further liver damage.

Choice B rationale
Patients with cirrhosis, especially those with ascites, are often advised to limit their sodium intake. High-sodium foods can contribute to fluid retention and worsen ascites. Therefore, avoiding high-sodium foods such as canned soups/vegetables, processed meats, and prepackaged frozen dinners is a key part of managing cirrhosis.
Choice C rationale
While maintaining adequate nutrition is important in cirrhosis, eating three large meals per day is not typically recommended. Instead, smaller, more frequent meals are often suggested.
Choice D rationale
While physical activity is generally beneficial, patients with cirrhosis and particularly those with complications such as ascites or encephalopathy may need to modify their activity levels based on their symptoms and overall health.

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A nurse is educating a patient about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is B

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