A nurse is educating a patient and their family about vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding dietary sources of vitamin B12?
"Include more leafy green vegetables in your diet.”
"Increase your consumption of red meat and poultry.”
"Avoid dairy products to prevent exacerbating the deficiency.”
"Consume more citrus fruits for their vitamin B12 content.”
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
"Include more leafy green vegetables in your diet." Rationale: This statement is incorrect because leafy green vegetables are not a significant source of vitamin B12.
Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products such as meat, poultry, fish, and dairy.
Leafy green vegetables are sources of other essential nutrients like folate, but they do not contain vitamin B12.
Choice B rationale:
"Increase your consumption of red meat and poultry." Rationale: This is the correct answer.
Red meat and poultry are excellent dietary sources of vitamin B12.
Consuming these foods can help individuals increase their vitamin B12 intake, which is crucial for addressing vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Choice C rationale:
"Avoid dairy products to prevent exacerbating the deficiency." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Dairy products are a good source of vitamin B12, and avoiding them may worsen a vitamin B12 deficiency.
It is important to include dairy products in the diet, especially for individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Choice D rationale:
"Consume more citrus fruits for their vitamin B12 content." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Citrus fruits are not a source of vitamin B12.
They are known for their vitamin C content, but vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-based foods.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administering 500 mcg of cyanocobalamin intramuscularly daily for a week, then monthly for life is the appropriate route and dosage for a patient with pernicious anemia or severe malabsorption.
Intramuscular injection is the preferred route for patients with impaired absorption of vitamin B12, as it ensures direct absorption into the bloodstream.
The initial daily dose helps replenish depleted stores, and the monthly maintenance dose is required to prevent recurrence.
Choice B rationale:
Administering 1000 mcg of cyanocobalamin orally daily for a week, then weekly for a month, then monthly for life is not the best choice for patients with pernicious anemia or severe malabsorption.
Oral vitamin B12 is not effective in these cases because the underlying issue is the inability to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract.
Intramuscular administration bypasses this problem.
Choice C rationale:
Administering 1000 mcg of cyanocobalamin intramuscularly daily for a week, then monthly for life is a reasonable option, but it is not as effective as the regimen described in choice A.
The initial daily dose is lower, and there is no weekly dosing phase to replenish stores quickly.
Choice D rationale:
Administering 2000 mcg of cyanocobalamin subcutaneously daily for a week, then monthly for life is not the preferred route for vitamin B12 supplementation in patients with pernicious anemia or severe malabsorption.
Intramuscular injection is the preferred route as it ensures better absorption, and subcutaneous injection may not be as effective.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Limit alcohol consumption is a crucial action to include in the client's self-care plan to prevent the recurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12 in the body.
Alcohol can damage the lining of the stomach and the small intestine, where vitamin B12 is absorbed.
By limiting alcohol consumption, the client can improve their absorption of vitamin B12, reducing the risk of recurrence.
Choice C rationale:
Consuming foods high in vitamin C is another important action to prevent the recurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Vitamin C can enhance the absorption of vitamin B12 in the body.
Including vitamin C-rich foods in the diet can help improve the body's ability to absorb the vitamin B12 from dietary sources.
This is especially important for individuals who may have difficulty absorbing vitamin B12 due to underlying conditions.
Choice E rationale:
Monitoring for signs of infection is a relevant action in the self-care plan for preventing recurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Infections can lead to anemia by affecting the production of red blood cells.
By monitoring for signs of infection and promptly seeking medical treatment if any signs or symptoms arise, the client can reduce the risk of anemia caused or exacerbated by infections.
Choice B rationale:
Avoiding foods rich in vitamin B12 is not a recommended action for preventing the recurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
In fact, it is counterproductive because the client with this deficiency should aim to increase their intake of vitamin B12-rich foods or supplements to correct the deficiency.
Choice D rationale:
Maintaining a diet low in iron is also not a recommended action for preventing the recurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Iron is essential for the production of red blood cells, and individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia may have concurrent iron deficiency anemia.
Limiting iron intake can exacerbate the anemia and is not advisable.
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