A nurse is educating a patient and their family about vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding dietary sources of vitamin B12?
"Include more leafy green vegetables in your diet.”
"Increase your consumption of red meat and poultry.”
"Avoid dairy products to prevent exacerbating the deficiency.”
"Consume more citrus fruits for their vitamin B12 content.”
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
"Include more leafy green vegetables in your diet." Rationale: This statement is incorrect because leafy green vegetables are not a significant source of vitamin B12.
Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products such as meat, poultry, fish, and dairy.
Leafy green vegetables are sources of other essential nutrients like folate, but they do not contain vitamin B12.
Choice B rationale:
"Increase your consumption of red meat and poultry." Rationale: This is the correct answer.
Red meat and poultry are excellent dietary sources of vitamin B12.
Consuming these foods can help individuals increase their vitamin B12 intake, which is crucial for addressing vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Choice C rationale:
"Avoid dairy products to prevent exacerbating the deficiency." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Dairy products are a good source of vitamin B12, and avoiding them may worsen a vitamin B12 deficiency.
It is important to include dairy products in the diet, especially for individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Choice D rationale:
"Consume more citrus fruits for their vitamin B12 content." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Citrus fruits are not a source of vitamin B12.
They are known for their vitamin C content, but vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-based foods.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administering 500 mcg of cyanocobalamin intramuscularly daily for a week, then monthly for life is the appropriate route and dosage for a patient with pernicious anemia or severe malabsorption.
Intramuscular injection is the preferred route for patients with impaired absorption of vitamin B12, as it ensures direct absorption into the bloodstream.
The initial daily dose helps replenish depleted stores, and the monthly maintenance dose is required to prevent recurrence.
Choice B rationale:
Administering 1000 mcg of cyanocobalamin orally daily for a week, then weekly for a month, then monthly for life is not the best choice for patients with pernicious anemia or severe malabsorption.
Oral vitamin B12 is not effective in these cases because the underlying issue is the inability to absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract.
Intramuscular administration bypasses this problem.
Choice C rationale:
Administering 1000 mcg of cyanocobalamin intramuscularly daily for a week, then monthly for life is a reasonable option, but it is not as effective as the regimen described in choice A.
The initial daily dose is lower, and there is no weekly dosing phase to replenish stores quickly.
Choice D rationale:
Administering 2000 mcg of cyanocobalamin subcutaneously daily for a week, then monthly for life is not the preferred route for vitamin B12 supplementation in patients with pernicious anemia or severe malabsorption.
Intramuscular injection is the preferred route as it ensures better absorption, and subcutaneous injection may not be as effective.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
They are neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Choice A rationale:
These neuropsychiatric symptoms are actually related to vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to neurological symptoms, including confusion, irritability, and depression.
It is not unrelated to the condition.
Choice B rationale:
Gastrointestinal symptoms are not the primary manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Choice C rationale:
Glossitis is a common sign of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, but it primarily involves inflammation and changes in the tongue.
While glossitis is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, it does not fully explain the neuropsychiatric symptoms mentioned in the question.
Choice D rationale:
The correct answer is choice D.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms such as confusion, irritability, and depression are indeed associated with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
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