A nurse is educating an older adult client and their caregiver about the normal aging process and health promotion strategies. The nurse wants to empower the client to participate in decision-making and self-care.

Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

The correct answer is A, B, C and E.

Here is why:.

• Choice A is correct because range-of-motion exercises can help improve the mobility and flexibility of the joints affected by arthritis.

They can also reduce stiffness and pain, especially after long periods of inactivity.Some examples of range-of-motion exercises for knee arthritis are ball kicks, glute kicks, knee flexion exercises, and hamstring stretch.

• Choice B is correct because monitoring the client’s blood pressure and medication adherence is essential for managing hypertension, which is a common chronic condition among older adults.

Hypertension can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications, such as stroke and heart failure.Medication adherence can help lower blood pressure and prevent adverse effects from drug interactions or overdosing.

• Choice C is correct because providing the client with a calendar and a clock to orient them to time and date can help with mild cognitive impairment, which is a decline in memory and thinking skills that is not severe enough to interfere with daily life.

Mild cognitive impairment can affect the ability to remember appointments, events, or tasks.A calendar and a clock can serve as memory aids and reminders for the client.

• Choice D is wrong because referring the client to a social worker for financial assistance is not directly related to promoting health and wellness in this client.

While financial stress can affect the mental and physical health of older adults, it is not a priority intervention for this client who has arthritis, hypertension and mild cognitive impairment.The nurse should focus on interventions that address the client’s specific health needs and goals.

• Choice E is correct because teaching the client relaxation techniques and coping skills can help reduce stress and anxiety, which can worsen arthritis pain and inflammation, as well as blood pressure.

Relaxation techniques can include deep breathing, meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, or guided imagery.Coping skills can include positive self-talk, problem-solving, or seeking social support.

Normal ranges for blood pressure are:.

• Systolic: less than 120 mm Hg.

• Diastolic: less than 80 mm Hg.

The correct answer is B.

“You have the right to make your own choices about your health care and lifestyle.” This statement reflects the principle ofautonomy, which means respecting the client’s right to self-determination and decision-making.The nurse should empower the client to participate in their own care and promote their dignity and independence.

Choice A is wrong because it implies that the client should be passive and obedient, which does not respect their autonomy or preferences.

Choice C is wrong because it suggests that the client is dependent and helpless, which does not foster their self-esteem or confidence.

Choice D is wrong because it indicates that the client has no control or influence over their health condition, which does not encourage their coping or adaptation.

Normal aging is a gradual process that involves changes in all body systems, but does not necessarily lead to disability or disease.Health promotion strategies for older adults include maintaining physical activity, nutrition, hydration, immunization, social interaction, cognitive stimulation, and safety.The nurse should also be aware of the psychosocial needs of older adults, such as resolving conflicts between integrity and despair, according to Erikson’s theory of development.