A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?

Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast, but ductal breast cancer is most common.

Breastfeeding increases the risk of breast cancer in women over 40 years of age.

Clients who have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes have a decreased risk of breast cancer.

Clients should begin screening mammography annually by the age of 50 years old.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast, but ductal breast cancer is most common. This statement is correct because the majority of breast cancers originate in the ducts that carry milk to the nipple. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) are the most common types of breast cancer, accounting for about 80% of all cases.
Choice B rationale
Breastfeeding increases the risk of breast cancer in women over 40 years of age. This statement is incorrect. In fact, breastfeeding is known to reduce the risk of breast cancer. The longer a woman breastfeeds, the greater the protective effect. This is thought to be due to hormonal changes that occur during lactation, which may delay the return of menstrual periods and reduce a woman’s lifetime exposure to hormones like estrogen that can promote breast cancer cell growth.
Choice C rationale
Clients who have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes have a decreased risk of breast cancer. This statement is incorrect. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Women with these mutations have a 45-65% chance of developing breast cancer by age 70, compared to about 12% for women in the general population. These genes normally help repair DNA damage, but when they are mutated, they can lead to the development of cancer.
Choice D rationale
Clients should begin screening mammography annually by the age of 50 years old. This statement is partially correct but not entirely accurate. The American Cancer Society recommends that women with an average risk of breast cancer should start annual mammograms at age 45 and can switch to biennial screening at age 55. However, women should have the option to start screening as early as age 40 if they choose.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A heart rate of 110/min and regular is not an immediate concern in this context. Tachycardia can occur due to various reasons, including anxiety or pain, and does not require immediate follow-up.
Choice B rationale
Oxygen saturation of 95-96% is within the normal range and does not require immediate follow-up.
Choice C rationale
Subcutaneous emphysema requires immediate follow-up because it indicates air leakage into the subcutaneous tissue, which can be a sign of pneumothorax or other complications.
Choice D rationale
A trachea that is midline does not require immediate follow-up as it indicates there is no mediastinal shift.
Choice E rationale
A dry puncture site does not require immediate follow-up as it indicates there is no ongoing issue at the insertion site.

A. Progressive increase in platelet production. B. Excessive thrombosis and bleeding. C. Immediate sodium and fluid retention. D. Increased clotting factors.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Progressive increase in platelet production is not a characteristic of DIC. DIC typically involves a decrease in platelet count due to consumption.
Choice B rationale
Excessive thrombosis and bleeding are hallmark features of DIC, as the condition involves both clot formation and bleeding due to the consumption of clotting factors.
Choice C rationale
Immediate sodium and fluid retention are not characteristic findings of DIC.
Choice D rationale
Increased clotting factors are not seen in DIC; instead, there is a consumption of clotting factors leading to their decrease.

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A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old male client who is experiencing difficulty breathing and shortness of breath. Exhibits The nurse is caring for the client following a thoracentesis. (Select the 3 findings that require immediate follow-up.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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