A nurse is evaluating a client who has fluid volume overload and received furosemide 40 mg IV bolus 1 hr ago. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication was effective?

The client reports increased thirst.

The client's urine output is 250 mL/hr.

The client's heart rate is 100/min.

The client's weight is unchanged.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:

The client reports increased thirst. This is not an indication that the medication was effective, because increased thirst can be a sign of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance caused by excessive diuresis. Furosemide can cause loss of water and sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride in the urine.

Choice B reason:

The client's urine output is 250 mL/hr. This is an indication that the medication was effective, because furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and water in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, resulting in increased urine output and decreased fluid volume. A normal urine output is about 30 to 60 mL/hr, so a urine output of 250 mL/hr indicates a significant diuretic effect.

Choice C reason:

The client's heart rate is 100/min. This is not an indication that the medication was effective, because a high heart rate can be a sign of hypovolemia, hypotension, or cardiac stress caused by furosemide. Furosemide can lower the blood pressure and reduce the preload and afterload on the heart, but it can also trigger compensatory mechanisms such as increased sympathetic activity and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, which can increase the heart rate.

Choice D reason:

The client's weight is unchanged. This is not an indication that the medication was effective, because weight loss is expected with furosemide therapy due to fluid removal. Furosemide can cause a rapid and significant reduction in fluid volume, which can be measured by daily weight changes. A weight loss of 1 kg corresponds to a fluid loss of about 1 L.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Decreased thirst. This is a sign of improvement because hypernatremia causes increased thirst due to high sodium levels in the blood. Decreased thirst indicates that the fluid therapy has restored the normal balance of sodium and water in the body.

Choice B reason:

Increased urine output. This is a sign of improvement because hypernatremia can cause decreased urine output due to dehydration or kidney dysfunction. Increased urine output indicates that the fluid therapy has replenished the body's water and helped the kidneys excrete excess sodium.

Choice C reason:

Decreased serum sodium level. This is a sign of improvement because hypernatremia is defined as a serum sodium level higher than 145 mEq/L. Decreased serum sodium level indicates that the fluid therapy has diluted the blood and lowered the sodium concentration to within the normal range.

Choice D reason:

Increased level of consciousness. This is a sign of improvement because hypernatremia can cause confusion, lethargy, or coma due to the effects of high sodium levels on the brain. Increased level of consciousness indicates that the fluid therapy has improved the brain function and reduced the risk of brain injury.

Choice E reason:

Decreased edema. This is not a sign of improvement because hypernatremia does not cause edema, which is the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces. Edema is more likely to occur in conditions such as hypervolemia (excess fluid volume) or hyponatremia (low sodium levels) Decreased edema may indicate that the fluid therapy has caused fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance, which can be harmful.

A. Jugular vein distension. B. Weight gain of 2 kg in one day. C. Decreased hematocrit. D. Bounding pulse. E. Flat neck veins.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Jugular vein distension is a sign of fluid overload because it indicates increased pressure in the right atrium and superior vena cava due to excess blood volume.

Choice B reason:

Weight gain of 2 kg in one day is a sign of fluid overload because it reflects fluid retention in the body. A weight gain of 1 kg (2.2 lb) is equivalent to 1 L of fluid.

Choice C reason:

Decreased hematocrit is a sign of fluid overload because it indicates hemodilution or dilution of the blood due to excess fluid in the intravascular space.

Choice D reason:

Bounding pulse is a sign of fluid overload because it reflects increased cardiac output and stroke volume due to excess blood volume.

Choice E reason:

Flat neck veins are not a sign of fluid overload, but rather a sign of fluid deficit or dehydration. In fluid overload, neck veins will be distended or elevated.

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A nurse is evaluating a client who has fluid volume overload and received furosemide 40 mg IV bolus 1 hr ago. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication was effective?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of fluid therapy for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following findings indicates improvement? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis as a result of prolonged nasogastric suctioning. The nurse should expect which of the following arterial blood gas values?

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The nurse is preparing to hang a bag of 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) for a patient who has hyponatremia. The nurse knows that this type of solution is:

A nurse is planning care for a client who has overhydration and hyponatremia. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is preparing to insert a central venous catheter into a patient's right internal jugular vein using ultrasound guidance. What is an important step that the nurse should perform before inserting the catheter?

The nurse is monitoring a patient who has a central venous catheter in place for signs of complications. Which of the following are potential complications of central venous catheters? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. The client's blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg, pulse is 110/min, and respirations are 22/min. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of IV fluids?