A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as modifiable risk factors for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia
Genetic predisposition
Obesity
Smoking
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes and medication can reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis.
Choice B rationale
Hypercholesterolemia, or high cholesterol, is another modifiable risk factor. Dietary adjustments, physical activity, and medications can help manage cholesterol levels.
Choice C rationale
Genetic predisposition is not a modifiable risk factor. It is an inherent risk that cannot be changed, but awareness can prompt early monitoring and intervention.
Choice D rationale
Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Weight loss through diet and exercise can significantly reduce the risk.
Choice E rationale
Smoking is a significant modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Quitting smoking can greatly reduce the risk of developing this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Proteinuria, or the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine, is a hallmark sign of glomerulonephritis. It occurs due to the increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier.
Choice B rationale
Hypertension is often associated with glomerulonephritis. The damage to the glomeruli can lead to salt and water retention, contributing to high blood pressure.
Choice C rationale
Periorbital edema, which is swelling around the eyes, is a common early symptom of glomerulonephritis. It is caused by fluid retention and leakage into the tissue.
Choice D rationale
Hypotension is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. In fact, hypertension is more common due to the reasons mentioned above.
Choice E rationale
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is another common finding in glomerulonephritis. It results from the inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, allowing red blood cells to leak into the urine.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A regular diet with no added salt may not be sufficient to address the fluid retention associated with acute glomerulonephritis and peripheral edema.
Choice B rationale
While a low-protein, low-potassium diet may be considered for certain kidney conditions, it does not specifically address the fluid and sodium management needed in acute glomerulonephritis with edema.
Choice C rationale
A low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet is not indicated in this scenario as it does not provide the necessary restrictions on sodium and fluid that are required for a child with edema and oliguria due to acute glomerulonephritis.
Choice D rationale
A low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet is most appropriate for a child with acute glomerulonephritis and peripheral edema. This diet helps manage the edema and prevent further fluid overload, which is crucial in the care of this condition.
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