A nurse is instructing a colleague on how an antimicrobial produces a therapeutic effect. What should be included in the nurse's teaching?

The first drugs used to treat infections date back to the 17th century.

Fluoroquinolones interfere with the growth and development of the bacteria cell wall.

Selective toxicity determines the appropriate drug dosage needed.

Penicillin interferes with synthesis of the bacteria cell wall.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. While historical context is useful, the development of antimicrobials primarily began in the early 20th century, notably with penicillin discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.

B. This statement is incorrect; fluoroquinolones primarily inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis rather than directly affecting the cell wall.

C. Selective toxicity is a principle of antimicrobial action but does not directly explain how a specific antimicrobial works therapeutically.

D. Penicillin specifically interferes with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell lysis and death of the bacteria, which is a fundamental mechanism of action for this antibiotic.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administer the insulin to the client is incorrect as the nurse should first verify the dosage for safety before administration.

B. Check the dosage with another nurse is correct because double-checking the insulin dosage with another licensed nurse is a critical safety step to prevent medication errors.

C. Check the client's blood sugar again is incorrect; while monitoring blood sugar is important, it is not the immediate next action after preparing the insulin.

D. Ensure a meal tray is available is incorrect; although the client should have a meal ready after insulin administration, the priority action before administering the medication is to confirm the dosage.

A. Arrange for the client's potassium levels to be assessed as soon as possible B. Teach the client about the blood pressure effects of the medication and relevant safety measures. C. Educate the client about the need for bed rest until the body adjusts to the new medication. D. Tell the client to withhold the medication until the client can be assessed by the primary health care provider.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While assessing potassium levels is important for clients on diuretics, the immediate concern is the client's dizziness, which indicates a potential issue with blood pressure.

B. Teaching the client about the potential for orthostatic hypotension caused by hydrochlorothiazide and instructing them on safety measures (e.g., standing up slowly) is crucial to prevent falls and address the dizziness.

C. Bed rest is not necessary; the client should be educated about managing dizziness instead.

D. Withholding the medication is not warranted unless directed by a healthcare provider; the focus should be on safety education.

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A nurse is instructing a colleague on how an antimicrobial produces a therapeutic effect. What should be included in the nurse's teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing to administer a mixture of 12 units regular insulin and 45 units NPH insulin to a client with a blood sugar of 378 mg/dl. After the nurse draws the medication into the syringe, what is the nurse's next action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client began taking hydrochlorothiazide 1 week ago and is reporting occasional dizziness when standing up quickly from sitting or lying. What is the nurse's best action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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