A nurse is planning a community education program about colorectal cancer. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse identify as modifiable? (Select all that apply.)
Smoking
Alcohol consumption
Inflammatory bowel disease
High-fat diet
Colorectal polyps
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A. Smoking – Smoking increases the risk of colorectal cancer and can be changed.
B. Alcohol consumption – Alcohol use increases cancer risk and is modifiable.
C. Inflammatory bowel disease – This is a non-modifiable risk factor.
D. High-fat diet – Dietary habits can be changed to lower the risk.
E. Colorectal polyps – Polyps are a non-modifiable risk factor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Ask the client to tilt their head back when swallowing. Tilting the head back increases the risk of aspiration by opening the airway. Instead, the "chin tuck" method is recommended.
B. Have the client sit upright for 1 hr following meals. Sitting upright for an extended period reduces the risk of aspiration by allowing gravity to assist in digestion.
C. Administer liquids to the client using a syringe. Using a syringe can increase the risk of aspiration and does not allow the client to control swallowing.
D. Allow the client to rest for 10 min prior to eating. While rest may help conserve energy, it is not a priority intervention for dysphagia management.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pulse oximetry reading of 95%. COPD clients often have lower baseline oxygen levels (88-92%), making this reading unexpectedly high.
B. Decreased depth of respirations. COPD typically causes shallow and rapid breathing due to air trapping.
C. Flaring of the nostrils: Nostril flaring is a sign of increased respiratory effort, which is common in COPD exacerbations.
D. Respiratory rate of 16/min. → Normal range (12-20/min), not an expected finding during dyspnea.
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