A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

Dextran 40

Dextrose 5 in water

Dextrose 10% in water

25% albumin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Dextran 40 is a plasma volume expander and not used for correcting hypernatremia.
B.   Hypernatremia indicates a deficit of water relative to sodium. Providing hypotonic solutions like Dextrose 5 in water helps to dilute the sodium concentration in the body fluids, effectively treating hypernatremia.
C.   Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution and would exacerbate hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the body fluids.
D.   25% albumin is a hypertonic solution and would exacerbate hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the body fluids.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A urine output of 50 mL in 4 hours is inadequate and may indicate decreased renal perfusion. Magnesium sulfate can further compromise renal perfusion, so this finding warrants careful evaluation and potential adjustment of the infusion rate.
B. This indicates that the client is not experiencing respiratory depression, a potential side effect of magnesium sulfate toxicity.
C. Diminished deep tendon reflexes is an expected finding in magnesium sulfate toxicity.
D. A heart rate of 56/min is below the normal range for an adult but may be a common finding in clients receiving magnesium sulfate due to its cardiac depressant effects.

A. PaCO; above 45 mm Hg B. pH below 7.35 C. HCO, above 26 mEq/L D. PaO, below 70 mm Hg

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevated PaCO2 would be seen in respiratory acidosis, not metabolic acidosis.

B. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decreased pH.

C. This result would indicate metabolic alkalosis, not metabolic acidosis.

D. This result would indicate hypoxemia but is not specific to metabolic acidosis.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

Nursing Test Bank

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