A nurse is planning care for a client who requires screening for rectal cancer. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate in the client's plan of care?

Choice A reason: Urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg is lower than expected in dehydration. Dehydration typically results in higher osmolality due to the concentration of urine.

Choice B reason: Cloudy urine can be a sign of infection or other conditions, but it is not a specific indicator of dehydration.

Choice C reason: Dark-colored urine is a common finding in dehydration as the body conserves water, leading to
more concentrated urine.

Choice D reason: A urine specific gravity of 1.015 is within the normal range. In dehydration, we would expect a higher specific gravity, indicating more concentrated urine.

Choice A reason: An upper GI series is a series of X-rays used to examine the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine, not the rectum or colon.

Choice B reason: A colonoscopy is the most appropriate test for screening for rectal cancer as it allows for the

examination of the entire colon and rectum and can also facilitate the removal of polyps.

Choice C reason: ERCP is primarily used to diagnose and treat conditions in the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas, not the rectum.

Choice D reason: An upper GI endoscopy, or esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), is used to examine the lining of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract, which includes the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, not the rectum.