A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.).

Allow the client to choose among a variety of activities each day.

Give the client one simple direction at a time.

Reinforce orientation to time, place, and person.

Establish eye contact when communicating with the client.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

The nurse should give the client one simple direction at a time, reinforce orientation to time, place, and person, and establish eye contact when communicating with the client.

These interventions can help the client with dementia to understand and follow instructions, reduce confusion and anxiety, and enhance communication.

Choice A is wrong because allowing the client to choose among a variety of activities each day can overwhelm and frustrate the client with dementia.

The nurse should provide a structured and consistent daily routine for the client.

Choice E is wrong because refuting the client’s delusions using logic can increase the client’s agitation and distrust.

The nurse should use validation therapy to acknowledge the client’s feelings and emotions without arguing or correcting the client.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Nail polish remover contains acetone, which is a flammable substance that can ignite in the presence of oxygen. Using nail polish remover around the client can increase the risk of fire and burn injuries.

Choice A is wrong because synthetic fabrics can generate static electricity, which can also cause sparks and ignite oxygen.

The client’s bedding should be made of cotton or wool, which are natural fabrics that do not produce static electricity.

Choice B is wrong because petroleum jelly is a petroleum-based product that can react with oxygen and cause skin irritation or burns.

The client should use water-based moisturizers to soothe the mucous membranes.

Choice C is wrong because alcohol-based cleaning products are also flammable and can cause fires or explosions when exposed to oxygen.

The client should use mild soap and water to clean the equipment, and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for maintenance.

Some general safety tips for home oxygen therapy are:

Keep away from heat and flame, such as candles, matches, lighters, stoves, fireplaces, etc.
Do not smoke or allow others to smoke near the oxygen source
Do not use aerosols, vapor rubs, oils, or other products that contain flammable substances near the oxygen source
Store oxygen tanks or cylinders in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources
Secure oxygen tanks or cylinders to prevent them from falling or rolling
Use the exact rate of oxygen prescribed by the doctor for each activity
Check the oxygen gauge or level regularly and call the medical supply company when it is low
Use a humidifier bottle if prescribed by the doctor to prevent dryness of the mucous membranes
Change the nasal cannula, mask, and tubing as instructed by the medical supply company to prevent

A. Drink four 240 mL (8 oz) glasses of water each day. B. Void every 5 to 6 hr during the day. C. Wear loose-fitting underwear. D. Take a bubble bath after intercourse.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is because tight-fitting underwear can trap moisture and create a favorable environment for bacterial growth, which can increase the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) . Loose-fitting underwear can allow air circulation and prevent moisture accumulation .

Choice A is wrong because drinking four 240 mL (8 oz) glasses of water each day is not enough to prevent UTIs. The recommended amount of water intake for adults is about 2 to 3 liters per day . Drinking enough water can help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevent them from adhering to the bladder wall .

Choice B is wrong because voiding every 5 to 6 hours during the day is too infrequent and can increase the risk of UTIs. The nurse should advise the client to void every 2 to 3 hours during the day. This can help prevent urinary stasis and bacterial multiplication in the bladder .

Choice D is wrong because taking a bubble bath after intercourse can increase the risk of UTIs. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid bubble baths, vaginal douches, or sprays, as they can irritate the urethra and introduce bacteria into the urinary tract . The nurse should also advise the client to empty the bladder before and after sexual intercourse, as this can help remove bacteria that may have entered the urethra during sexual activity .

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.).

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.).